Im not sure my approach is the best way to do it but this is how I'm doing it at the moment:
RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)$ index.php?var1=$1
RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)/$ index.php?var1=$1
Rewrites all pages to the index.php
On index.php I get the URL with: $url = $_SERVER["REQUEST_URI"];
Then I do a MYSQL search to determine what kind of page it is.
switch($pagetype){
case "city": include('city.php');
break;
case "country": include('country.php');
break;
}