File not found error in os.rename

Question

I am trying to write a program to categorize into folders a large amount of files according to their respective groups indicated in the file name. I wrote the followin code, but

Answer 1

os.rename does not automatically create new directories (recursively), if the new name happens to be a filename in a directory that does not exist.

To create the directories first, you can (in Python 3) use:

os.makedirs(dirname, exist_ok=True)

where dirname can contain subdirectories (existing or not).

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Alternatively, use os.renames, that can handle new and intermediate directories. From the documentation:

Recursive directory or file renaming function. Works like rename(), except creation of any intermediate directories needed to make the new pathname good is attempted first