After answering this, I realized it was a duplicate of JavaFX 2 custom popup pane, which has a bit more context info in some of the answers.
Use a MenuButton and in a menuItem attached to the MenuButton, set a graphic for the content you want to display in your popup.
final MenuItem wizPopup = new MenuItem();
wizPopup.setGraphic(wizBox);
final MenuButton popupButton = new MenuButton("frobozz");
popupButton.getItems().setAll(
wizPopup
);
Here is a complete, executable sample.