Getting the Keyboard Layout in WPF C#
I need to get the Current Windows Keyboard Layout for my WPF application to map each key correctly and handle AZERTY as well as QWERTY and QWERTZ (and so on...)
I notic
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The following PowerShell1 script declares
Get-KeyboardLayoutForPidfunction which reliably gets the Current Windows Keyboard Layout for any process2.if ( $null -eq ('Win32Functions.KeyboardLayout' -as [type]) ) { Add-Type -MemberDefinition @' [DllImport("user32.dll")] public static extern IntPtr GetKeyboardLayout(uint thread); '@ -Name KeyboardLayout -Namespace Win32Functions } Function Get-KeyboardLayoutForPid { [cmdletbinding()] Param ( [parameter(Mandatory=$False, ValueFromPipeline=$False)] [int]$Id = $PID, # used formerly for debugging [parameter(Mandatory=$False, DontShow=$True)] [switch]$Raw ) $InstalledInputLanguages = [System.Windows.Forms.InputLanguage]::InstalledInputLanguages $CurrentInputLanguage = [System.Windows.Forms.InputLanguage]::DefaultInputLanguage # CurrentInputLanguage $CurrentInputLanguageHKL = $CurrentInputLanguage.Handle # just an assumption ### Write-Verbose ('CurrentInputLanguage: {0}, 0x{1:X8} ({2}), {3}' -f $CurrentInputLanguage.Culture, ($CurrentInputLanguageHKL -band 0xffffffff), $CurrentInputLanguageHKL, $CurrentInputLanguage.LayoutName) Function GetRealLayoutName ( [IntPtr]$HKL ) { $regBase = 'Registry::' + 'HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Keyboard Layouts' $LayoutHex = '{0:x8}' -f ($hkl -band 0xFFFFFFFF) if ( ($hkl -band 0xFFFFFFFF) -lt 0 ) { $auxKeyb = Get-ChildItem -Path $regBase | Where-Object { $_.Property -contains 'Layout Id' -and (Get-ItemPropertyValue -Path "Registry::$($_.Name)" ` -Name 'Layout Id' ` -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue ) -eq $LayoutHex.Substring(2,2).PadLeft(4,'0') } | Select-Object -ExpandProperty PSChildName } else { $auxKeyb = $LayoutHex.Substring(0,4).PadLeft(8,'0') } $KbdLayoutName = Get-ItemPropertyValue -Path ( Join-Path -Path $regBase -ChildPath $auxKeyb ) -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Name 'Layout Text' $KbdLayoutName # Another option: grab localized string from 'Layout Display Name' } # Function GetRealLayoutName Function GetKbdLayoutForPid { Param ( [parameter(Mandatory=$True, ValueFromPipeline=$False)] [int]$Id, [parameter(Mandatory=$False, DontShow=$True)] [string]$Parent = '' ) $Processes = Get-Process -Id $Id $Weirds = @('powershell_ise','explorer') # not implemented yet $allLayouts = foreach ( $Proces in $Processes ) { $LayoutsExtra = [ordered]@{} $auxKLIDs = @( for ( $i=0; $i -lt $Proces.Threads.Count; $i++ ) { $thread = $Proces.Threads[$i] ## The return value is the input locale identifier for the thread: $LayoutInt = [Win32Functions.KeyboardLayout]::GetKeyboardLayout( $thread.Id ) $LayoutsExtra[$LayoutInt] = $thread.Id }) Write-Verbose ('{0,6} ({1,6}) {2}: {3}' -f $Proces.Id, $Parent, $Proces.ProcessName, (($LayoutsExtra.Keys | Select-Object -Property @{ N='Handl';E={('{0:x8}' -f ($_ -band 0xffffffff))}} | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Handl) -join ', ')) foreach ( $auxHandle in $LayoutsExtra.Keys ) { $InstalledInputLanguages | Where-Object { $_.Handle -eq $auxHandle } } $ConHost = Get-WmiObject Win32_Process -Filter "Name = 'conhost.exe'" $isConsoleApp = $ConHost | Where-Object { $_.ParentProcessId -eq $Proces.Id } if ( $null -ne $isConsoleApp ) { GetKbdLayoutForPid -Id ($isConsoleApp.ProcessId) -Parent ($Proces.Id -as [string]) } } if ( $null -eq $allLayouts ) { # Write-Verbose ('{0,6} ({1,6}) {2}: {3}' -f $Proces.Id, $Parent, $Proces.ProcessName, '') } else { $allLayouts } } # GetKbdLayoutForPid $allLayoutsRaw = GetKbdLayoutForPid -Id $Id if ( $null -ne $allLayoutsRaw ) { if ( ([bool]$PSBoundParameters['Raw']) ) { $allLayoutsRaw } else { $retLayouts = $allLayoutsRaw | Sort-Object -Property Handle -Unique | Where-Object { $_.Handle -ne $CurrentInputLanguageHKL } if ( $null -eq $retLayouts ) { $retLayouts = $CurrentInputLanguage } $RealLayoutName = $retLayouts.Handle | ForEach-Object { GetRealLayoutName -HKL $_ } $ProcessAux = Get-Process -Id $Id $retLayouts | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name 'ProcessId' -Value "$Id" $retLayouts | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name 'ProcessName' -Value ($ProcessAux | Select-Object -ExpandProperty ProcessName ) # $retLayouts | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name 'WindowTitle' -Value ($ProcessAux | Select-Object -ExpandProperty MainWindowTitle ) $retLayouts | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name 'RealLayoutName' -Value ($RealLayoutName -join ';') $retLayouts } } <# .Synopsis Get the current Windows Keyboard Layout for a process. .Description Gets the current Windows Keyboard Layout for a process. Identify the process using -Id parameter. .Parameter Id A process Id, e.g. - Id property of System.Diagnostics.Process instance (Get-Process), or - ProcessId property (an instance of the Win32_Process WMI class), or - PID property from "TaskList.exe /FO CSV", … .Parameter Raw Parameter -Raw is used merely for debugging. .Example Get-KeyboardLayoutForPid This example shows output for the current process (-Id $PID). Note that properties RealLayoutName and LayoutName could differ (the latter is wrong; a bug in [System.Windows.Forms.InputLanguage] implementation?) ProcessId : 2528 ProcessName : powershell RealLayoutName : United States-International Culture : cs-CZ Handle : -268368891 LayoutName : US .Example . D:\PShell\tests\Get-KeyboardLayoutForPid.ps1 # activate the function Get-Process -Name * | ForEach-Object { Get-KeyboardLayoutForPid -Id $_.Id -Verbose } This example shows output for each currently running process, unfortunately even (likely unusable) info about utility/service processes. The output itself can be empty for most processes, but the verbose stream shows (hopefully worthwhile) info where current keboard layout is held. Note different placement of the current keboard layout ID: - console application (cmd, powershell, ubuntu): conhost - combined GUI/console app (powershell_ise) : the app itself - classic GUI apps (notepad, notepad++, …) : the app itself - advanced GUI apps (iexplore) : Id ≘ tab - "modern" GUI apps (MicrosoftEdge*) : Id ≟ tab (unclear) - combined GUI/service app (explorer) : indiscernible - etc… (this list is incomplete). For instance, iexplore.exe creates a separate process for each open window or tab, so their identifying and assigning input languages is an easy task. On the other side, explorer.exe creates the only process, regardless of open visible window(s), so they are indistinguishable by techniques used here… .Example gps -Name explorer | % { Get-KeyboardLayoutForPid -Id $_.Id } | ft -au This example shows where the function could fail in a language multifarious environment: ProcessId ProcessName RealLayoutName Culture Handle LayoutName --------- ----------- -------------- ------- ------ ---------- 5344 explorer Greek (220);US el-GR -266992632 Greek (220) 5344 explorer Greek (220);US cs-CZ 67699717 US - scenario: open three different file explorer windows and set their input languages as follows (their order does not matter): - 1st window: let default input language (e.g. Czech, in my case), - 2nd window: set different input language (e.g. US English), - 3rd window: set different input language (e.g. Greek). - output: an array (and note that default input language window isn't listed). .Inputs No object can be piped to the function. Use -Id pameter instead, named or positional. .Outputs [System.Windows.Forms.InputLanguage] extended as follows: note the <…> placeholder Get-KeyboardLayoutForPid | Get-Member -MemberType Properties TypeName: System.Windows.Forms.InputLanguage Name MemberType Definition ---- ---------- ---------- ProcessId NoteProperty string ProcessId=<…> ProcessName NoteProperty System.String ProcessName=powershell RealLayoutName NoteProperty string RealLayoutName=<…> Culture Property cultureinfo Culture {get;} Handle Property System.IntPtr Handle {get;} LayoutName Property string LayoutName {get;} .Notes To add the `Get-KeyboardLayoutForPid` function to the current scope, run the script using `.` dot sourcing operator, e.g. as . D:\PShell\tests\Get-KeyboardLayoutForPid.ps1 Auhor: https://stackoverflow.com/users/3439404/josefz Created: 2019-11-24 Revisions: .Link .Component P/Invoke <##> } # Function Get-KeyboardLayoutForPid if ( -not ('System.Windows.Forms.InputLanguage' -as [type]) ) { Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Windows.Forms }The
Get-KeyboardLayoutForPidfunction contains a Comment-Based Help placed at the end of its body.
I hope that its principle is implementable inC#easy.The main idea of my approach:
- Suppose that the current keyboard layout (
CurrentInputLanguage) for a given process is the (user-dependant) default one (DefaultInputLanguage). - Collect keyboard layouts associated with every thread of given process (
allLayoutsRaw). Note this trick for a console application: collect keyboard layouts associated with every thread of childconhostprocess as well. - If there is a keyboard layout different from
DefaultInputLanguagein theallLayoutsRawcollection then it's the sought-after one (retLayouts).
1 Does not work in PowerShell Core (
pwsh.exe).2 Might fail for
explorerprocess in a language multifarious environment, see an example of failing scenario in the Comment-Based help.讨论(0) - Suppose that the current keyboard layout (
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I am not sure of the ask - whether you want to know the current keyboard layout or you want to set the keyboard layout.
In both cases, InputLanguageManager should help.
You can try setting input language manager to appropriate cultureInfo object. This should change the keyboard layout for your WPF application
InputLanguageManager.Current.CurrentInputLanguage = new CultureInfo("fr-FR");讨论(0)
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