How do I set the character encoding for a specific table? E.g:
CREATE TABLE COMMENTS ( ID INTEGER GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY (START WITH 0, INCREMENT BY 1)
HSQLDB certainly stores all data in Unicode (with the exception of TEXT tables where you have to specify UTF-8). Therefore you don't need to specify a character encoding for normal tables.
Are you sure that it's encoded as ASCII by default? My reading of it was that it's UTF-8 by default, though I'm open to correction here.
If it's a TEXT table you'll can specify the encoding for the table
SET TABLE mytable SOURCE "myfile;encoding=UTF-8"
The problem is that you must convert all rows before import.
To do this you must export the contents to a file and converter the file into utf-8. Then import it again with utf-8 options.
MyPHPadmin can import it with utf-8 options, (Remember to check for CHARSET=latin1 / latin1 in the file).
You can read more about to do it manually her: http://en.gentoo-wiki.com/wiki/Convert_latin1_to_UTF-8_in_MySQL