Can we retrieve our machine serial number in our chrome extension?
For example I can get the serial number in windows by executing following command in the shell
No. Chrome extensions are designed to protect user privacy to the greatest practical extent, and one component of user privacy is controlling the ability of code to "fingerprint" the user. Read the EFF's discussion of fingerprinting for more.
I didn't mark your question as a duplicate, but the same answer applies to this question.