What are the differences between swap in C++ and Python?

Question

About swap, in C++, we can swap two by std::swap(x, y);. x and y are passed into swap as reference.

But

Answer 1

I don't believe that it is possible to simply implement the equivalent of C++'s swap in Python.

This is due to the fundamental differences between the C++ object model and the Python object model. In python all variables reference objects. With the swap that you have implemented, all that happens is the the objects referred to by the two variables are exchanged. The objects themselves are untouched so nothing referring to the existing objects will see any change.

In C++'s std::swap, the values of the two objects are exchanged so any expression denoting either of the objects being swapped will see the changes.

>>> c = [ "hello", "world" ]
>>> d = []
>>> a = c
>>> b = d
>>> a, b = swap_in_python(a, b)
>>> c
['hello', 'world']
>>> d
[]
>>>

vs

std::list<std::string> c, d;
c.push_back("hello");
c.push_back("world");
std::list<std::string> &a = c, &b = d;
std::swap( a, b ); // c is empty, d is "hello", "world"

Answer 2

You could just directly write

a, b = (b, a)

Answer 3

Python passes by pointer.

Simpler swap:

x, y = y, x

Answer 4

Actually, in Python, it's much more elegant:

(a,b) = (b,a)

You don't have to call a function at all. And, yes, as per the comments, the parentheses are unnecessary here. I still prefer them since I believe they make the intent clearer.

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Following edit:

Is there any other way not employing assignment (not using =)?

Possibly, though I don't know of one, and I can't imagine it would be simpler or more readable than the basic way shown above. If you're looking for a more complicated way of doing things that can be done simply, might I suggest that you're in the wrong mindset? :-)