Can we detect which android application is using the microphone?

Question

Hello everyone i am new to android ndk and want to find two things:

1. Can we detect whether the microphone is on or not?
2. Can we detect which application is

Answer 1

1.

AudioManager am =  Context.getSystemService(Context.AUDIO_SERVICE)
am.isMicrophoneMute()

But I don't know how to do it using NDK (and no one seems to know).

AudioManager documentation

2.

No you can't. And that is a security decision. As @AndiJay said, malicious programs could then be used.