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What's the difference between `visible?` and `present?`?

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From the Watir API, I\'ve derived two assertions (which of course might not be correct):

I can use exists? if I simply want to verify that the element

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广开言路

2021-01-21 02:53
The difference between visible? and present? is when the element does not exist in the HTML.

When the element is not in the HTML (ie exists? is false):
- visible? will throw an exception.
- present? will return false.
I tend to stick with present? since I only care if a user can see the element. I do not care if it cannot be seen due to it being hidden via style, eg display:none;, or not being in the DOM, eg it got deleted. I would only use visible? if the application actually treats the element not being in the DOM as a different meaning than being in the DOM but not visible.

For example, given the page:
```
<html>
  <body>
    <div id="1" style="display:block;">This text is displayed</div>
    <div id="2" style="display:none;">This text is not displayed</div>
  </body>
</html>
```
You can see the difference when looking for a div that is not on the page:
```
browser.div(:id => '3').visible?
#=> Watir::Exception::UnknownObjectException

browser.div(:id => '3').present?
#=> false
```
For elements on the page, the two methods will be the same:
```
browser.div(:id => '1').visible?
#=> true
browser.div(:id => '1').present?
#=> true

browser.div(:id => '2').visible?
#=> false
browser.div(:id => '2').present?
#=> false
```
A comparison of these two methods along with exists? can be found in the Watirways book.
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