I installed PCL using the following commands.
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:v-launchpad-jochen-sprickerhof-de/pcl
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libpcl-a
you should specify the PCL dir for the CMake to find it.
In a terminal run :
$ locate PCLConfig.cmake
Then, add the found folder (without the filename) to your CMakeLists like the following :
set(PCL_DIR "/found/folder/")
#change X.x to whatever version yo installed
Sidenote : /usr/share/pcl-x.x is the usual path to your pcl folder.
I had the same problem when I followed the steps mentioned on the website http://www.pointclouds.org/downloads/linux.html, for Ubuntu 18.
You simply need to run sudo apt install libpcl-dev
as bionic is not mentioned in the distributions (http://ppa.launchpad.net/v-launchpad-jochen-sprickerhof-de/pcl/ubuntu/dists/)