I want to ensure that the development environment to work just the same as the production environment. This is to minimise \"it works for me\" finger-pointing.
Hence
AWS limits the operating systems that run under Elastic Beanstalk, as it is Platform as a Service. To get full flexibility on operating systems and configuration, you'd need to use EC2.
There are two suboptimal workarounds, though:
You need to set up a custom platform then tell Elastic Beanstalk to use that platform at creation with eb create -p YourPlatformARN
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To confirm, within the linked docs, Ubuntu is supported through their custom platform service: "... the supported operating systems—Ubuntu, RHEL, or Amazon Linux ..."