Does Ruby offer a mechanism to share variables (more importantly, class objects and any other data abstractions I deem useful for that matter) between different running Ruby
You're probably looking for something like memcache (Gem) or redis (Gem).
You may also be interested in redis-objects.
The maglev implementation of Ruby seems to be perfect for your needs as it provides persistent distributed Ruby objects.
The MagLev VM takes full advantage of GemStone/S JIT to native code performance, distributed shared cache, fully ACID transactions, and enterprise class NoSQL data management capabilities to provide a robust and durable programming platform. It can transparently manage a much larger amount (terabytes) of data and code than will fit in memory. There are no restrictions on what types of objects, classes, blocks, threads or continuations that can be stored and executed.
But it might be a bit overkill depending on the size of your project.