Java, replacement for infinite loops?

Question

I am making a program that shows cellular growth through an array. I have gotten it so when I press the start button, the array updates every 10 seconds in a while(true){} l

Answer 1

Take a look at the wait() / notify() machinery. Briefly, a thread can wait for 10 seconds, but still be notified that an external event has occurred,

Answer 2

What you need is use a Timer which changes the state of your component ( in this case the cellular growth ) and then call JComponent.repaint()

This timer can be cancelled to make the pause and then to restart it, you just create a new one:

So you could define the following two methods:

private Timer timer;
...
public void startPaiting() {
    timer = new Timer();
    timer.schedule( new TimerTask(){
        public void run(){
            changeState();
            repaint();
        }
    },0,  10000 ); // 10 s. 
}

public void pause(){
    timer.cancel();
}

And then in your "Pause/Resume" button invoke this "pause/startPaiting" methods:

if( e.getActionCommand().equals("Pause")){
    growPanel.pause();
    setText("Resume");
} else {
    growPanel.startPaiting();
    setText("Pause");
}

Here's the complete source code to see it running:

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Point;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.util.Timer;
import java.util.TimerTask;

public class Grow {

    public static void main( String [] args ) {
        JFrame frame = new JFrame();
        final GrowPanel growPanel = new GrowPanel();
        frame.add( growPanel );
        frame.add( new JPanel(){{
            add( new JButton("Pause"){{
                addActionListener( new ActionListener(){
                    public void actionPerformed( ActionEvent e ){
                        if( e.getActionCommand().equals("Pause")){
                            growPanel.pause();
                            setText("Resume");
                        } else {
                            growPanel.startPaiting();
                            setText("Pause");
                        }
                    }
                });
        }});}}, java.awt.BorderLayout.SOUTH );
        frame.setSize( 400, 300 );
        frame.setVisible( true );
    }
}

class GrowPanel extends JComponent {
    private int x;
    private int y;
    private Timer timer;
    GrowPanel() {
        x = 10;
        y = 10;
        startPaiting();
    }

    public void startPaiting() {
        timer = new Timer();
        timer.schedule( new TimerTask(){
            public void run(){
                changeState();
                repaint();
            }
        },0,  100 ); // or 10000 which is 10 s. 
    }

    public void pause(){
        timer.cancel();
    }

    public void paintComponent( Graphics g ){
        g.fillOval( x, y, 10, 10 );
    }
    private void changeState(){
            x+=10;
            if( x >= 400 ) {
                y+=10;
                x = 0;
            }
            if( y >= 300 ){
                y = 10;
            }
    }

}

Answer 3

I personally prefer using the Timer class rather than Thread or Thread.sleep(). The timer class handles both running the code periodically and canceling it.

Your code would look like:

TimerTask myTask = new TimerTask() {
  public void run() {
    // here goes my code
  }
};

Timer timer = new Timer();
timer.schedule(myTask, 0 /*starts now*/, 10 * 1000 /* every 10 seconds */);

// whenever you need to cancel it:
timer.cancel();