I just downloaded Visual Studio 2017 RC, which was released a few days ago and comes with support for C# 7. I can use C# 7 features from the IDE:
You have to launch "Developer Command Prompt for VS 2017 RC". Then you can see that csc.exe will have a version number of 2.0.
It has been well known that for every new VS release you should use its dedicated prompt with the appropriate environment variables loaded.
You can run "where csc.exe" from the visual studio 2017 command prompt and export the version of csc you need by adding it to the Path system variable. I was in a similar case where i needed to compile via command line and i ended up setting
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Community\MSBuild\15.0\Bin\Roslyn\
in system Path.