What are all the hooks on the OWIN Startup class? Information on these is scarce.
For example, one required hook on every Startup class is that it should have a
It's not so much a "hook" as it is a convention. There is a good article on this here:
http://www.asp.net/aspnet/overview/owin-and-katana/owin-startup-class-detection
As for why there is no interface, most likely it's because there was no need to lock it down to that level. This is largely reflection based, and you can specify the class and method to use for startup by various configuration parameters.
In the case of WebAPI in the example you link to, you can do so in the WebApp.Start method, and specify StartOptions with the name of the method to use, but the convention is Configuration.
Cleanup can be accomplished by getting the cancelation token. This information is in the documentation, which is linked from the examples you show. I'm not sure I understand how you arrive at the conclusion that the documentation is missing when it's clearly not.
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/microsoft.owin.builderproperties.appproperties.onappdisposing(v=vs.113).aspx
Certainly, it's missing elaboration and examples... but there are a lot of blog entries about this stuff...
You may also want to read the OWIN specification:
http://owin.org/spec/spec/owin-1.0.0.html