What does the $ sign mean in TEXT function

Question

I found an excel formula that transforms calendar dates into Chinese lunar dates:

=TEXT(A1,\"[$-130000]d/m/yyyy\")

Say A1 is

Answer 1

If you are still looking for an answer about what does [$-130000] represent then check out my other answer here.

What does the 130000 in Excel locale code [$-130000] mean?

I am not certain how to do a reverse conversion. If you try to do the reverse of the above function, which would be...

=TEXT(A1, "[$-1010409]d/m/yyyy")

But this simply takes the presented date, and converts it to the stated format (i.e. it sees whatever in "A1" as a Gregorian date already)