SQL UPDATE in a SELECT rank over Partition sentence

Question

There is my problem, I have a table like this:

Company, direction, type, year, month, value, rank

When I create the table, rank is 0 by def

Answer 1

You could join the sub-query and do an UPDATE:

UPDATE table_name t2
SET t2.rank=
  SELECT t1.rank FROM(
  SELECT company,
    direction,
    type,
    YEAR,
    MONTH,
    value,
    rank() OVER (PARTITION BY direction, type, YEAR, MONTH ORDER BY value DESC) AS rank
  FROM table_name
  GROUP BY company,
    direction,
    TYPE,
    YEAR,
    MONTH,
    VALUE
  ORDER BY company,
    direction,
    TYPE,
    YEAR,
    MONTH,
    VALUE
  ) t1
WHERE t1.company = t2.company
AND t1.direction = t2.direction;

Add required conditions to the predicate.

Or,

You could use MERGE and keep that query in the USING clause:

MERGE INTO table_name t USING
(SELECT company,
  direction,
  TYPE,
  YEAR,
  MONTH,
  VALUE,
  rank() OVER (PARTITION BY direction, TYPE, YEAR, MONTH ORDER BY VALUE DESC) AS rank
FROM table1
GROUP BY company,
  direction,
  TYPE,
  YEAR,
  MONTH,
  VALUE
ORDER BY company,
  direction,
  TYPE,
  YEAR,
  MONTH,
  VALUE
) s 
ON(t.company = s.company AND t.direction = s.direction)
WHEN MATCHED THEN
  UPDATE SET t.rank = s.rank;

Add required conditions in the ON clause.

Answer 2

You can to it simply like this. It is not that commonly known but you can make UPDATE on a SELECT

UPDATE 
    (SELECT 
        company, direction, TYPE, YEAR, MONTH, VALUE, 
        RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY direction, TYPE, YEAR, MONTH ORDER BY VALUE DESC) AS NEW_RANK
    FROM table1) a
SET RANK = NEW_RANK;