How to make transparent window on linux
I want to make application an application with a splash screen on Linux.
I want to use X11 and glx (OpenGL application).
I\'ve found a way to remove the bord
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In order to have a transparent window under X11, you need
- an X11 server with composite extension
- a composite manager
- an ARGB visual for your window
You don't need to use OpenGL directly: the composite manager could use it to render the screen.
If you're going in the GTK path, have a look to
- gdk_x11_display_composite
- gdk_screen_is_composited
- gdk_display_supports_composite
- gdk_screen_get_rgba_visual
- gdk_screen_get_rgba_colormap
But you could also use Qt or another toolkit.
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This is definitely something that you will want to offload to the GPU. I would not recommend directly using the X11 lib for performance reasons. Let OpenGL do it. I did find the following link for glXChooseVisual.
Also, here is another S.O. question that may be helpful.
Furthermore, this is for windows, but it should still apply.
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This is the real answer of my question
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------ * A demonstration of OpenGL in a ARGB window * => support for composited window transparency * * (c) 2011 by Wolfgang 'datenwolf' Draxinger * See me at comp.graphics.api.opengl and StackOverflow.com * License agreement: This source code is provided "as is". You * can use this source code however you want for your own personal * use. If you give this source code to anybody else then you must * leave this message in it. * * This program is based on the simplest possible * Linux OpenGL program by FTB (see info below) The simplest possible Linux OpenGL program? Maybe... (c) 2002 by FTB. See me in comp.graphics.api.opengl -- <\___/> / O O \ \_____/ FTB. ------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <math.h> #include <GL/gl.h> #include <GL/glx.h> #include <GL/glxext.h> #include <X11/Xatom.h> #include <X11/extensions/Xrender.h> #include <X11/Xutil.h> #define USE_CHOOSE_FBCONFIG static void fatalError(const char *why) { fprintf(stderr, "%s", why); exit(0x666); } static int Xscreen; static Atom del_atom; static Colormap cmap; static Display *Xdisplay; static XVisualInfo *visual; static XRenderPictFormat *pict_format; static GLXFBConfig *fbconfigs, fbconfig; static int numfbconfigs; static GLXContext render_context; static Window Xroot, window_handle; static GLXWindow glX_window_handle; static int width, height; static int VisData[] = { GLX_RENDER_TYPE, GLX_RGBA_BIT, GLX_DRAWABLE_TYPE, GLX_WINDOW_BIT, GLX_DOUBLEBUFFER, True, GLX_RED_SIZE, 8, GLX_GREEN_SIZE, 8, GLX_BLUE_SIZE, 8, GLX_ALPHA_SIZE, 8, GLX_DEPTH_SIZE, 16, None }; static int isExtensionSupported(const char *extList, const char *extension) { const char *start; const char *where, *terminator; /* Extension names should not have spaces. */ where = strchr(extension, ' '); if ( where || *extension == '\0' ) return 0; /* It takes a bit of care to be fool-proof about parsing the OpenGL extensions string. Don't be fooled by sub-strings, etc. */ for ( start = extList; ; ) { where = strstr( start, extension ); if ( !where ) break; terminator = where + strlen( extension ); if ( where == start || *(where - 1) == ' ' ) if ( *terminator == ' ' || *terminator == '\0' ) return 1; start = terminator; } return 0; } static Bool WaitForMapNotify(Display *d, XEvent *e, char *arg) { return d && e && arg && (e->type == MapNotify) && (e->xmap.window == *(Window*)arg); } static void describe_fbconfig(GLXFBConfig fbconfig) { int doublebuffer; int red_bits, green_bits, blue_bits, alpha_bits, depth_bits; glXGetFBConfigAttrib(Xdisplay, fbconfig, GLX_DOUBLEBUFFER, &doublebuffer); glXGetFBConfigAttrib(Xdisplay, fbconfig, GLX_RED_SIZE, &red_bits); glXGetFBConfigAttrib(Xdisplay, fbconfig, GLX_GREEN_SIZE, &green_bits); glXGetFBConfigAttrib(Xdisplay, fbconfig, GLX_BLUE_SIZE, &blue_bits); glXGetFBConfigAttrib(Xdisplay, fbconfig, GLX_ALPHA_SIZE, &alpha_bits); glXGetFBConfigAttrib(Xdisplay, fbconfig, GLX_DEPTH_SIZE, &depth_bits); fprintf(stderr, "FBConfig selected:\n" "Doublebuffer: %s\n" "Red Bits: %d, Green Bits: %d, Blue Bits: %d, Alpha Bits: %d, Depth Bits: %d\n", doublebuffer == True ? "Yes" : "No", red_bits, green_bits, blue_bits, alpha_bits, depth_bits); } static void createTheWindow() { XEvent event; int x,y, attr_mask; XSizeHints hints; XWMHints *startup_state; XTextProperty textprop; XSetWindowAttributes attr = {0,}; static char *title = "FTB's little OpenGL example - ARGB extension by WXD"; Xdisplay = XOpenDisplay(NULL); if (!Xdisplay) { fatalError("Couldn't connect to X server\n"); } Xscreen = DefaultScreen(Xdisplay); Xroot = RootWindow(Xdisplay, Xscreen); fbconfigs = glXChooseFBConfig(Xdisplay, Xscreen, VisData, &numfbconfigs); fbconfig = 0; for(int i = 0; i<numfbconfigs; i++) { visual = (XVisualInfo*) glXGetVisualFromFBConfig(Xdisplay, fbconfigs[i]); if(!visual) continue; pict_format = XRenderFindVisualFormat(Xdisplay, visual->visual); if(!pict_format) continue; fbconfig = fbconfigs[i]; if(pict_format->direct.alphaMask > 0) { break; } } if(!fbconfig) { fatalError("No matching FB config found"); } describe_fbconfig(fbconfig); /* Create a colormap - only needed on some X clients, eg. IRIX */ cmap = XCreateColormap(Xdisplay, Xroot, visual->visual, AllocNone); attr.colormap = cmap; attr.background_pixmap = None; attr.border_pixmap = None; attr.border_pixel = 0; attr.event_mask = StructureNotifyMask | EnterWindowMask | LeaveWindowMask | ExposureMask | ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask | OwnerGrabButtonMask | KeyPressMask | KeyReleaseMask; attr_mask = CWBackPixmap| CWColormap| CWBorderPixel| CWEventMask; width = DisplayWidth(Xdisplay, DefaultScreen(Xdisplay))/2; height = DisplayHeight(Xdisplay, DefaultScreen(Xdisplay))/2; x=width/2, y=height/2; window_handle = XCreateWindow( Xdisplay, Xroot, x, y, width, height, 0, visual->depth, InputOutput, visual->visual, attr_mask, &attr); if( !window_handle ) { fatalError("Couldn't create the window\n"); } #if USE_GLX_CREATE_WINDOW int glXattr[] = { None }; glX_window_handle = glXCreateWindow(Xdisplay, fbconfig, window_handle, glXattr); if( !glX_window_handle ) { fatalError("Couldn't create the GLX window\n"); } #else glX_window_handle = window_handle; #endif textprop.value = (unsigned char*)title; textprop.encoding = XA_STRING; textprop.format = 8; textprop.nitems = strlen(title); hints.x = x; hints.y = y; hints.width = width; hints.height = height; hints.flags = USPosition|USSize; startup_state = XAllocWMHints(); startup_state->initial_state = NormalState; startup_state->flags = StateHint; XSetWMProperties(Xdisplay, window_handle,&textprop, &textprop, NULL, 0, &hints, startup_state, NULL); XFree(startup_state); XMapWindow(Xdisplay, window_handle); XIfEvent(Xdisplay, &event, WaitForMapNotify, (char*)&window_handle); if ((del_atom = XInternAtom(Xdisplay, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", 0)) != None) { XSetWMProtocols(Xdisplay, window_handle, &del_atom, 1); } } static int ctxErrorHandler( Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ev ) { fputs("Error at context creation", stderr); return 0; } static void createTheRenderContext() { int dummy; if (!glXQueryExtension(Xdisplay, &dummy, &dummy)) { fatalError("OpenGL not supported by X server\n"); } #if USE_GLX_CREATE_CONTEXT_ATTRIB #define GLX_CONTEXT_MAJOR_VERSION_ARB 0x2091 #define GLX_CONTEXT_MINOR_VERSION_ARB 0x2092 render_context = NULL; if( isExtensionSupported( glXQueryExtensionsString(Xdisplay, DefaultScreen(Xdisplay)), "GLX_ARB_create_context" ) ) { typedef GLXContext (*glXCreateContextAttribsARBProc)(Display*, GLXFBConfig, GLXContext, Bool, const int*); glXCreateContextAttribsARBProc glXCreateContextAttribsARB = (glXCreateContextAttribsARBProc)glXGetProcAddressARB( (const GLubyte *) "glXCreateContextAttribsARB" ); if( glXCreateContextAttribsARB ) { int context_attribs[] = { GLX_CONTEXT_MAJOR_VERSION_ARB, 3, GLX_CONTEXT_MINOR_VERSION_ARB, 0, //GLX_CONTEXT_FLAGS_ARB , GLX_CONTEXT_FORWARD_COMPATIBLE_BIT_ARB, None }; int (*oldHandler)(Display*, XErrorEvent*) = XSetErrorHandler(&ctxErrorHandler); render_context = glXCreateContextAttribsARB( Xdisplay, fbconfig, 0, True, context_attribs ); XSync( Xdisplay, False ); XSetErrorHandler( oldHandler ); fputs("glXCreateContextAttribsARB failed", stderr); } else { fputs("glXCreateContextAttribsARB could not be retrieved", stderr); } } else { fputs("glXCreateContextAttribsARB not supported", stderr); } if(!render_context) { #else { #endif render_context = glXCreateNewContext(Xdisplay, fbconfig, GLX_RGBA_TYPE, 0, True); if (!render_context) { fatalError("Failed to create a GL context\n"); } } if (!glXMakeContextCurrent(Xdisplay, glX_window_handle, glX_window_handle, render_context)) { fatalError("glXMakeCurrent failed for window\n"); } } static int updateTheMessageQueue() { XEvent event; XConfigureEvent *xc; while (XPending(Xdisplay)) { XNextEvent(Xdisplay, &event); switch (event.type) { case ClientMessage: if (event.xclient.data.l[0] == del_atom) { return 0; } break; case ConfigureNotify: xc = &(event.xconfigure); width = xc->width; height = xc->height; break; } } return 1; } /* 6----7 /| /| 3----2 | | 5--|-4 |/ |/ 0----1 */ GLfloat cube_vertices[][8] = { /* X Y Z Nx Ny Nz S T */ {-1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0}, // 0 { 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0}, // 1 { 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0}, // 2 {-1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0}, // 3 { 1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 0.0, 0.0, -1.0, 0.0, 0.0}, // 4 {-1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 0.0, 0.0, -1.0, 1.0, 0.0}, // 5 {-1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 0.0, 0.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0}, // 6 { 1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 0.0, 0.0, -1.0, 0.0, 1.0}, // 7 {-1.0, -1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0}, // 5 {-1.0, -1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0}, // 0 {-1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0}, // 3 {-1.0, 1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0}, // 6 { 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0}, // 1 { 1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0}, // 4 { 1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0}, // 7 { 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0}, // 2 {-1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 0.0, -1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0}, // 5 { 1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 0.0, -1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0}, // 4 { 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 0.0, -1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0}, // 1 {-1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 0.0, -1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0}, // 0 {-1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0}, // 3 { 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0}, // 2 { 1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0}, // 7 {-1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0}, // 6 }; static void draw_cube(void) { glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); glEnableClientState(GL_NORMAL_ARRAY); glEnableClientState(GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY); glVertexPointer(3, GL_FLOAT, sizeof(GLfloat) * 8, &cube_vertices[0][0]); glNormalPointer(GL_FLOAT, sizeof(GLfloat) * 8, &cube_vertices[0][3]); glTexCoordPointer(2, GL_FLOAT, sizeof(GLfloat) * 8, &cube_vertices[0][6]); glDrawArrays(GL_QUADS, 0, 24); } float const light0_dir[]={0,1,0,0}; float const light0_color[]={78./255., 80./255., 184./255.,1}; float const light1_dir[]={-1,1,1,0}; float const light1_color[]={255./255., 220./255., 97./255.,1}; float const light2_dir[]={0,-1,0,0}; float const light2_color[]={31./255., 75./255., 16./255.,1}; static void redrawTheWindow() { float const aspect = (float)width / (float)height; static float a=0; static float b=0; static float c=0; glDrawBuffer(GL_BACK); glViewport(0, 0, width, height); // Clear with alpha = 0.0, i.e. full transparency glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); glFrustum(-aspect, aspect, -1, 1, 2.5, 10); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glLoadIdentity(); glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE); glEnable(GL_BLEND); glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, light0_dir); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_DIFFUSE, light0_color); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT1, GL_POSITION, light1_dir); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT1, GL_DIFFUSE, light1_color); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT2, GL_POSITION, light2_dir); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT2, GL_DIFFUSE, light2_color); glTranslatef(0., 0., -5.); glRotatef(a, 1, 0, 0); glRotatef(b, 0, 1, 0); glRotatef(c, 0, 0, 1); glEnable(GL_LIGHT0); glEnable(GL_LIGHT1); glEnable(GL_LIGHTING); glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL); glColorMaterial(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE); glColor4f(1., 1., 1., 0.5); glCullFace(GL_FRONT); draw_cube(); glCullFace(GL_BACK); draw_cube(); a = fmod(a+0.1, 360.); b = fmod(b+0.5, 360.); c = fmod(c+0.25, 360.); glXSwapBuffers(Xdisplay, glX_window_handle); } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { createTheWindow(); createTheRenderContext(); while (updateTheMessageQueue()) { redrawTheWindow(); } return 0; }I take this from this link I spend 10-15 min to find difference between this example and my code and 3-4 hours to get on my mind that i must change something on KDE Thank for solicitude
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