I am searching for a way how I could select a div element which is not the direct next one to the one which is \"selected\" by a click function.
You can use .nextAll() with .eq() for your dynamic approach, like this:
$(this).nextAll().eq(1) //0 based index, this would be .next().next()
This would allow you to get n
siblings forward, which seems to be what you're after.
It seems that $(this).parent().find('div').eq(2).attr('id')
should work.
UPDATE( Added find('div') )