The Bazaar version control system is obsessive about automated testing. Unit testing, feature testing, integration testing, blackbox testing, test doubles testing, testing framework testing, parameterized test suites, platform-specific tests, etc.
This has all sorts of nice consequences for the project, but I must refrain here from undue VCS fanboying.
EDIT: oops, I did not notice you said you were interested in C++. Bazaar is a Python project.