How to schedule dynamic function with cron job?

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I want to know how I can schedule a dynamic(auto populated data) function to auto run everyday at saved time?

Let\'s say I have a form that once the button is clicke

1st Way ^{perfect way}

As soon as the user hit the form create a unique cron-task for that user using the desired datatime.

if you don't have those privileges you can use 3d part service like www.easycron.com they also offer a Free version with limited query. they also provide a REST API method to manage (CRUDE) cron-tasks.

2nd Way ^{imperfect way}

add a new VARCHAR column, i called it today with this we will ensure that the task will run only once per day.

+----+---------+----------+------------+--------+----------+
| iD | timeDay | timeHour | timeMinute | postiD |   today  |
+--------------------------------------+--------+----------+
| 1  | *       | 9        | 0          | 21     | 30-05-04 |
|----|---------|----------|------------|--------|----------+
| 2  | *       | 10       | 30         | 22     |          |
|----|---------|----------|------------|--------|----------+
| 3  | *       | 11       | 0          | 23     |          |
+----|---------+----------+------------+--------+----------+

after that create a php file i called it crontask.php we will call it each 5 minutes
add this to your cronjob panel:
0,5 * * * * /usr/bin/php /www/virtual/username/crontask.php > /dev/null 2>&1
in the crontask.php file

<?php
// include() Database Config file here with mysql_connect etc...
// include() the required files ex. the file where myFunction reside...

$cron_cycle = 5; // set it equal to what used in cron command-line
$today = date('Y-m-d');
if($result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM postDataTime WHERE today != '{$today}'")){
    while ($row = mysql_fetch_array($result, MYSQL_ASSOC)) { 
        $postID = $row['postID'];
        $timeHour = (int) $row['timeHour'];
        $current_hours = (int) date('H'); // current hours
        $current_minutes = (int) date('i'); // current minutes
        $timeMinute = (int) $row['timeMinute'];
        // force to run at the closest cycle
        $timeMinute = ($timeMinute % $cycle === 0) ? $timeMinute : toCloser($timeMinute, $cron_cycle); 
        if( $current_hours === $timeHour && $current_minutes === $timeMinute ){
            // ensure that we have already runned a cron for this user...
            mysql_query("UPDATE postDataTime SET today = '{$today}' WHERE postID = '{$postID}'");
            myFunction($postID);
        }
    }
}
function toCloser($n,$x=5) {
    $j = (round($n)%$x === 0) ? round($n) : (round(($n+$x/2)/$x)*$x);
    return ($j-$n) >= round($x/2) ? ($j-$x) : $j;
}

?>

Explanation of the function:

Assuming that the cron shedule runs each 5 minutes, lat's say we are at 20:00 o'clock, now the cron will run at 20:05, 20:10, 20:15, 20:20 and so on...

then assuming in our DB we have those time

Jonh  : 20:05, 
Mario : 20:32, 
luke  : 20:48, 
David : 20:57, 
Jimmy : 20:06, 
Eddy  : 20:16

when the script checks against those times it will run as below:

at 20:05 -> run 20:05 Jonh, 20:06 Jimmy
at 20:10 -> run null
at 20:15 -> run 20:16 Eddy
at 20:20 -> run null
and so on....

As you see you would loose in the worst case 2 minutes each time. I think it's fair enough! ;)

0 讨论(0)

不思量自难忘°

2021-01-02 06:59

It is possible to set up a cron job that runs every minute and when triggered it checks what jobs are scheduled for that moment.

As a simple idea which could be easily modified to push through the run time details for a particular script if you wanted:-

<?php

include '/core/config.php');

// Test script to allow jobs to be set up (cron style) on a database, but with the addition that jobs can be made
// dependent on other jobs completing first.
// Currently does not support jobs being dependent on more than one parent job.
// It uses a database of 2 tables. One for servers and the other for jobs.
// The server is selected as the one that matches the value of php_uname('n') (hence this can be run on many servers accessing a single database and only executing jobs for the particular server an instance is running on)
// Time ranges are specified in the same way as on CRON jobs:-
//  *   = no restriction based on that field
//  x   = when the value of that time parameter matches x
//  /x  = every x of that field (ie, mod current of that field by x and match if result is 0)
//  x-y = when the value of that time parameter is between x and y
//  x,y = when the value of the time parameter matches x or y (or z, etc)
// The script field on the scheduling table contains the script / command to be executed. For example if a php script then it might be 'php /usr/webdata/cron_scripts/some_script.php
// Parentid is the id of a job that must have finished before the job is executed.

class scheduling extends core_class
{

    public $connections;
    private $db;

    private $year;
    private $month;
    private $day;
    private $hour;
    private $minute;
    private $second;
    private $day_of_week;
    private $background_kick_off = true;

    private $completed_jobs = array();

    function __construct($connections, $background_kick_off = true) 
    {
        parent::__construct($connections);

        $this->background_kick_off = $background_kick_off;

        $this->debug_time_start();

        $this->connections = $connections;
        $this->db = new database($connections['EO'], 'em_scheduling');
        if (!$this->db->no_error)
            $this->error('E_ERROR', $this->db->error());

        $run_date = date('Y/m/d H:i:s w');

        list($date_part, $time_part, $this->day_of_week) = explode(' ', $run_date);
        list($this->year, $this->month, $this->day) = explode('/', $date_part);
        list($this->hour, $this->minute, $this->second) = explode(':', $time_part);     

        $this->find_jobs(0);
    }

    function find_jobs($parent_id)
    {
        $sql = "SELECT a.id, a.script, a.parent_id, a.minutes, a.hours, a.day_of_month, a.months, a.day_of_week, a.script_description, COUNT(DISTINCT b.id) AS child_count
                FROM scheduling a
                ON s.id = a.server_id
                LEFT OUTER JOIN scheduling b
                ON a.id = b.parent_id
                AND b.enabled = 1
                AND (b.minutes = '*' OR FIND_IN_SET('".$this->minute."', b.minutes) OR (SUBSTR(b.minutes, 1, 1) = '/' AND (".$this->minute." % CAST(SUBSTR(b.minutes, 2) AS UNSIGNED)) = 0) OR (b.minutes LIKE '%-%' AND ".$this->minute." BETWEEN CAST(SUBSTRING_INDEX(b.minutes, '-', 1) AS UNSIGNED) AND CAST(SUBSTRING_INDEX(b.minutes, '-', -1) AS UNSIGNED)))
                AND (b.hours = '*' OR FIND_IN_SET('".$this->hour."', b.hours) OR (SUBSTR(b.hours, 1, 1) = '/' AND (".$this->hour." % CAST(SUBSTR(b.hours, 2) AS UNSIGNED)) = 0) OR (b.hours LIKE '%-%' AND ".$this->hour." BETWEEN CAST(SUBSTRING_INDEX(b.hours, '-', 1) AS UNSIGNED) AND CAST(SUBSTRING_INDEX(b.hours, '-', -1) AS UNSIGNED)))
                AND (b.months = '*' OR FIND_IN_SET('".$this->month."', b.months) OR (SUBSTR(b.months, 1, 1) = '/' AND (".$this->month." % CAST(SUBSTR(b.months, 2) AS UNSIGNED)) = 0) OR (b.months LIKE '%-%' AND ".$this->month." BETWEEN CAST(SUBSTRING_INDEX(b.months, '-', 1) AS UNSIGNED) AND CAST(SUBSTRING_INDEX(b.months, '-', -1) AS UNSIGNED)))
                AND ((b.day_of_month = '*' OR FIND_IN_SET('".$this->day."', b.day_of_month) OR (SUBSTR(b.day_of_month, 1, 1) = '/' AND (".$this->day." % CAST(SUBSTR(b.day_of_month, 2) AS UNSIGNED)) = 0) OR (b.day_of_month LIKE '%-%' AND ".$this->day." BETWEEN CAST(SUBSTRING_INDEX(b.day_of_month, '-', 1) AS UNSIGNED) AND CAST(SUBSTRING_INDEX(b.day_of_month, '-', -1) AS UNSIGNED)))
                OR (b.day_of_week = '*' OR FIND_IN_SET('".$this->day_of_week."', b.day_of_week) OR (SUBSTR(b.day_of_week, 1, 1) = '/' AND (".$this->day_of_week." % CAST(SUBSTR(b.day_of_week, 2) AS UNSIGNED)) = 0) OR (b.day_of_week LIKE '%-%' AND ".$this->day_of_week." BETWEEN CAST(SUBSTRING_INDEX(b.day_of_week, '-', 1) AS UNSIGNED) AND CAST(SUBSTRING_INDEX(b.day_of_week, '-', -1) AS UNSIGNED))))
                WHERE a.parent_id = ".(int)$parent_id."
                AND a.enabled = 1
                AND (a.minutes = '*' OR FIND_IN_SET('".$this->minute."', a.minutes) OR (SUBSTR(a.minutes, 1, 1) = '/' AND (".$this->minute." % CAST(SUBSTR(a.minutes, 2) AS UNSIGNED)) = 0) OR (a.minutes LIKE '%-%' AND ".$this->minute." BETWEEN CAST(SUBSTRING_INDEX(a.minutes, '-', 1) AS UNSIGNED) AND CAST(SUBSTRING_INDEX(a.minutes, '-', -1) AS UNSIGNED)))
                AND (a.hours = '*' OR FIND_IN_SET('".$this->hour."', a.hours) OR (SUBSTR(a.hours, 1, 1) = '/' AND (".$this->hour." % CAST(SUBSTR(a.hours, 2) AS UNSIGNED)) = 0) OR (a.hours LIKE '%-%' AND ".$this->hour." BETWEEN CAST(SUBSTRING_INDEX(a.hours, '-', 1) AS UNSIGNED) AND CAST(SUBSTRING_INDEX(a.hours, '-', -1) AS UNSIGNED)))
                AND (a.months = '*' OR FIND_IN_SET('".$this->month."', a.months) OR (SUBSTR(a.months, 1, 1) = '/' AND (".$this->month." % CAST(SUBSTR(a.months, 2) AS UNSIGNED)) = 0) OR (a.months LIKE '%-%' AND ".$this->month." BETWEEN CAST(SUBSTRING_INDEX(a.months, '-', 1) AS UNSIGNED) AND CAST(SUBSTRING_INDEX(a.months, '-', -1) AS UNSIGNED)))
                AND ((a.day_of_month = '*' OR FIND_IN_SET('".$this->day."', a.day_of_month) OR (SUBSTR(a.day_of_month, 1, 1) = '/' AND (".$this->day." % CAST(SUBSTR(a.day_of_month, 2) AS UNSIGNED)) = 0) OR (a.day_of_month LIKE '%-%' AND ".$this->day." BETWEEN CAST(SUBSTRING_INDEX(a.day_of_month, '-', 1) AS UNSIGNED) AND CAST(SUBSTRING_INDEX(a.day_of_month, '-', -1) AS UNSIGNED)))
                OR (a.day_of_week = '*' OR FIND_IN_SET('".$this->day_of_week."', a.day_of_week) OR (SUBSTR(a.day_of_week, 1, 1) = '/' AND (".$this->day_of_week." % CAST(SUBSTR(a.day_of_week, 2) AS UNSIGNED)) = 0) OR (a.day_of_week LIKE '%-%' AND ".$this->day_of_week." BETWEEN CAST(SUBSTRING_INDEX(a.day_of_week, '-', 1) AS UNSIGNED) AND CAST(SUBSTRING_INDEX(a.day_of_week, '-', -1) AS UNSIGNED))))
                GROUP BY a.id, a.script, a.parent_id, a.minutes, a.hours, a.day_of_month, a.months, a.day_of_week
                ORDER BY child_count
                ";

        //echo "\r\n $sql \r\n";

        $this->db->query($sql) or die($this->db->error());

        $process_array = array();

        while ($row = $this->db->fetch_assoc())
        {
            $process_array[] = $row;
        }   

        foreach($process_array as $aProcess)
        {
            if ($this->background_kick_off and $aProcess['child_count'] == 0)
            {
                // No jobs to follow so just kick them off as a background task
                $this->launchBackgroundProcess($aProcess['script']);
                $completed_jobs[$aProcess['id']] = $aProcess['script_description'];
            }
            else
            {
                passthru($aProcess['script'].'', $return_var);
                if ($return_var == 0)
                {
                    $completed_jobs[$aProcess['id']] = $aProcess['script_description'];
                    $this->find_jobs($aProcess['id']);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private function launchBackgroundProcess($call) 
    {

        // Windows
        if($this->is_windows())
        {
            pclose(popen('start /b '.$call, 'r'));
        }

        // Some sort of UNIX
        else 
        {
            pclose(popen($call.' /dev/null &', 'r'));
        }
        return true;
    }

    private function is_windows()
    {
        if(PHP_OS == 'WINNT' || PHP_OS == 'WIN32')
        {
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
}

$Scheduling = new scheduling($connections, true);

?>

Tables like this:-

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `scheduling` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `enabled` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '1',
  `script` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `parent_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  `minutes` varchar(5) DEFAULT NULL,
  `hours` varchar(5) DEFAULT NULL,
  `day_of_month` varchar(5) DEFAULT NULL,
  `months` varchar(5) DEFAULT NULL,
  `day_of_week` varchar(5) DEFAULT NULL,
  `script_description` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  KEY `parent_id` (`server_id`,`parent_id`,`enabled`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM  DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=15 ;

--
-- Dumping data for table `scheduling`
--

INSERT INTO `scheduling` (`id`,  `enabled`, `script`, `parent_id`, `minutes`, `hours`, `day_of_month`, `months`, `day_of_week`, `script_description`) VALUES
(1, 1, 'php download.php', 0, '*', '*', '*', '*', '*', 'Download files'),
(2, 1, 'php load_data.php', 1, '*', '*', '*', '*', '*', 'Load files to database'),
(3, 1, 'php file_test.php', 1, '*', '*', '*', '*', '*', NULL),
(4, 1, 'php file_test.php', 1, '*', '*', '*', '*', '*', NULL),
(5, 1, 'php file_test.php', 1, '*', '*', '*', '*', '*', NULL),
(6, 1, 'php file_test.php', 1, '*', '*', '*', '*', '*', NULL),
(7, 1, 'php file_test.php', 1, '*', '*', '*', '*', '*', NULL),
(8, 1, 'php file_test.php', 1, '*', '*', '*', '*', '*', NULL),
(9, 1, 'php file_test.php', 1, '*', '*', '*', '*', '*', NULL),
(10, 1, 'php file_test.php', 1, '*', '*', '*', '*', '*', NULL),
(11, 1, 'php file_test.php', 1, '*', '*', '*', '*', '*', NULL),
(12, 1, 'php file_test.php', 1, '*', '*', '*', '*', '*', NULL),
(13, 1, 'php file_test.php', 1, '*', '*', '*', '*', '*', NULL),
(14, 1, 'php file_test.php', 1, '*', '*', '*', '*', '*', NULL);

0 讨论(0)

没有蜡笔的小新

2021-01-02 07:00

If I understand correctly, I think something like this may work for you, using the hours as keys to the function you want run, in a cron set to run every two hours:

$listArray = Array(8=>"list1_function",10=>"list2_function");//etc...
$hour = Date("G");

if(array_key_exists($hour,$listArray))
{
    $listArray[$hour]();
}

function list1_function()
{
     echo "do list 1 stuff";
}

function list2_function()
{
     echo "do list 2 stuff";
 }

0 讨论(0)

How to schedule dynamic function with cron job?

1st Way perfect way

2nd Way imperfect way

Explanation of the function:

1st Way ^{perfect way}

2nd Way ^{imperfect way}