Assuming you run awk as the sub process of the shell you declared the vars
Within the shell
export MY_VARS="whatever"; #// IT NEEDS to be exported, to allow the sub process awk read access.
echo ""| awk '{
print "Reading values from within awk : "ENVIRON["MY_VARS"];
}'
Result:
Reading values from within awk : whatever
notice the importance of export. With out it, the vars from the shell is considered
local and does not get passed to the co-processes.