One project (just for Windows and Mac) seems approaching what you want: atotto/clipboard.
Provide copying and pasting to the Clipboard for Go.
func ReadAll() (string, error)
func WriteAll(text string) error
Linux support is in this clipboard_linux.go class: a simple wrapper to xsel --output/input --clipboard
system command.
Another approach: try and take advantage of third-party libraries, like GLFW:
a free, Open Source, multi-platform library for opening a window, creating an OpenGL context and managing input
Its Go wrapper glfw3 does provide a clipboard.go file, with supposedly multi-platform methods.
func (w *Window) SetClipboardString(str string)
func (w *Window) GetClipboardString() (string, error)
But that would be in the context of GLFW windows, not any shell window of course.