There was no proper HiDPI support in Java 8.
In Java 9, JavaFx applications correctly scale to the monitor they are in. For example
if needed, found another couple of helpful JVM parameters from that website :
-Dsun.java2d.uiScale.enabled=false
-Dsun.java2d.win.uiScaleX=1.0 -Dsun.java2d.win.uiScaleY=1.0
I found this obscure option in a substance bug report. This fixes the issue for Swing applications.
-Dsun.java2d.uiScale=1.0
If you're using JavaFX you'll need
-Dprism.allowhidpi=false
Unfortunately I cannot find official documentation for either of these options