Working on different projects I have the choice of selecting different programming languages, as long as the task is done.
I was wondering what the real difference is
Actually you can solve most of your tasks efficiently with python.
You just should know which tools to use. For text processing there is brilliant package from Egenix guys - http://www.egenix.com/products/python/mxBase/mxTextTools/. I was able to create very efficient parsers with it in python, since all the heavy lifting is done by native code.
Same approach goes for any other problem - if you have performance problems, get a C/C++ library with Python interface which implements whatever bottleneck you got efficiently.
C is definitely faster than Python because Python is written in C. C is middle level language and hence faster but there not much a great difference between C & Python regarding executable time it takes. but it is really very easy to write code in Python than C and it take much shorter time to write code and learn Python than C. Because its easy to write its easy to test also.