Finding a geography point within a range of another - SQL Server

Question

I have a table in SQL Server that has geography datatype column in it. I want to query this table to find rows that fall near (within a range) of another given geography poi

Answer 1

You are already using SQL Server Spatial and geography columns, so you can just use the following to get the result. There are two ways:

Using STDistance():

-- Get the center point
DECLARE @g geography
SELECT @g = geo FROM yourTable WHERE PointId = something

-- Get the results, radius 100m
SELECT * FROM yourTable WHERE @g.STDistance(geo) <= 100

Using STBuffer() and STIntersects

-- Get the center buffer, 100m radius
DECLARE @g geography
SELECT @g = geo.STBuffer(100) FROM yourTable WHERE PointId = something

-- Get the results within the buffer
SELECT * FROM yourTable WHERE @g.STIntersects(geo) = 1

From my experience the performance of two methods varies with data distribution and spatial index grid size, so test on your own data to decide which one to use. Remember to have Spatial Index created on the geo column.

Answer 2

Assuming you have lat and long values of the points in the db.

select * from yourtable where SQRT 
( POWER((yourtable.lat - reflat) * COS(reflat/180) * 40000 / 360, 2) 
+ POWER((yourtable.long - reflong) * 40000 / 360, 2)) < radiusofinterest

reflat and reflong is the point from which you want to know the places close to. radiusofinterest is the distance from this point. 40000 is the circumference of the earth. you could use more accurate figures.

i havent checked the syntax with SQLServer though.... so there may be some errors there.

the cos(reflat) corrects the circumference based on the lat you are in. It should work ok for smaller distances.