I need to write a digital oscilloscope type application. There are many great static graphing controls out there, but I need something that can graph 16 traces processing 4
Check out this question. I highly recommend IOComp for both MFC (ActiveX) and .Net. Very fast and stable.
http://opcactivex.com/Related_Products___Development/Development_Tools/Plot_Pack/screen_iocomp_plotpack.jpg
You might look at Visual Numerics.
How about ZedGraph? They mention realtime applications specifically here:
http://zedgraph.org/wiki/index.php?title=Display_Dynamic_or_Real-Time_Data
They claim at least ~20 samples per second.
At 4000 samples per second I don't think you're going to want to plot all the points in real time since you're going to make it all the way across the screen in 0.25 seconds...
Have you looked at GraphViz? I've seen it used in oscilloscope applications, but I'm not positive it will handle the speed you're looking for. GraphViz doesn't take a 'live feed' of instructions like some of the GDI+ controls I've seen.
There are some .NET wrappers for it.