I\'m trying to do something similar to this:
If you are making a generic style to be used by buttons all around your app, you will get visual tree conflicts using the approach where the image is a resource. So the template is your only choice in that case.
Pretty sure you'd want to use a control template in this sort of situation. Something like:
<style>
<Setter Property="Content">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate>
<Image Img="something.jpg" />
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</style>
And add a control template in the trigger for the on-hover.
Here's a good link
The actual error is occurring because Visuals can not be directly set as a Setter value. You can get the behavior you are looking for though, by setting the ContentTemplate using a DataTemplate, or by creating your content as a resource, either specific to the button or located elsewhere.
<Button>
<Button.Resources>
<CheckBox x:Key="Local_MouseOverContent" Content="Mouse is over" />
</Button.Resources>
<Button.Style>
<Style TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
<Setter Property="Content" Value="No mouse over" />
<Style.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
<Setter Property="Content"
Value="{StaticResource Local_MouseOverContent}" />
</Trigger>
</Style.Triggers>
</Style>
</Button.Style>
</Button>
<Button>
<Button.Style>
<Style TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
<Setter Property="Content" Value="No mouse over" />
<Style.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
<Setter Property="ContentTemplate">
<Setter.Value>
<DataTemplate DataType="Button">
<CheckBox Content="Mouse is over" />
</DataTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Trigger>
</Style.Triggers>
</Style>
</Button.Style>
</Button>
REMARK! Exactly your example works in .NET Framework 4 without any Changes !!!!
<Button>
<Button.Style>
<Style TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
<Setter Property="Content"
Value="No mouse over" />
<Style.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="IsMouseOver"
Value="True">
<Setter Property="Content">
<Setter.Value>
<CheckBox Content="Mouse is over" />
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Trigger>
</Style.Triggers>
</Style>
</Button.Style>
</Button>