Error: “expected '(' before string constant”

Question

Working on computing the geometric mean of values in an array

The function should compute the geo mean correctly, but i\'m getting a weird error message

Answer 1

the first line should be: extern C;

The other option would be declaring c outside the main function without the extern keyword...

Answer 2

I am answering this question in an attempt to cover that could have been covered in more detailed answer to aid the questioner or other persons visiting this page.

Error: “expected '(' before string constant”

As mentioned in some other answer of your question, extern "C" is not valid C (it's only valid in C++). You can remove it if you're using only pure C.

However, if you (or someone else) have a mix of C and C++ source files, then you can make use of macro __cplusplus. __cplusplus macro will be defined for any compilation unit that is being run through the C++ compiler. Generally, that means .cpp files and any files being included by that .cpp file.

Thus, the same .h (or .hh or .hpp or what-have-you) could be interpreted as C or C++ at different times, if different compilation units include them. If you want the prototypes in the .h file to refer to C symbol names, then they must have extern "C" when being interpreted as C++, and they should not have extern "C" when being interpreted as C (as in your case you were getting an error!).

#ifdef __cplusplus
  extern "C" {
#endif

// Your prototype or Definition 
#ifdef __cplusplus
  }
#endif

Note: All extern "C" does is affect linkage. C++ functions, when compiled, have their names mangled. This is what makes overloading possible. The function name gets modified based on the types and number of parameters, so that two functions with the same name will have different symbol names.

If you are including a header for code that has C linkage (such as code that was compiled by a C compiler), then you must extern "C" the header -- that way you will be able to link with the library. (Otherwise, your linker would be looking for functions with names like _Z1hic when you were looking for void h(int, char)).

Answer 3

extern "C" is not valid C (it's only valid in C++). Just remove it if you're working in pure C.