I ran into a version of this bug, where text inside a flex item wasn't wrapping, and found that what fixed it in our particular case was simply to wrap the text inside the flex item in a <span>
element, so that the text node is not a direct descendant of the flex item. This allowed the text to wrap in IE11 as it does in other browsers.
I suspect this works for similar reasons to isralCDuke's answer to this question, but seems a bit simpler, since it involves no extra CSS rules.