Git interactive unstage part of a file or by hunks

Question

There\'s git add -p to stage changes and git checkout -p to discard changes interactively. How can I unstage changes from index by hunks?

Answer 1

If I am not mistaken, what you want is to unstage hunks interactively? I thought git reset -p does exactly that. Its prompt message is even exactly like Unstage this hunk?

Also from the manual:

This means that git reset -p is the opposite of git add -p, i.e. you can use it to selectively reset hunks. See the “Interactive Mode” section of git-add(1) to learn how to operate the --patch mode.

Answer 2

I found this answer very helpful when learning staging, so I thought I'd modify it for unstaging, as I haven't found a thorough answer on stackoverflow to this "How to git unstage one line or part of a file?" question.

As @manojlds says, you can use git reset --patch <filename> (or -p for short), and git will begin to break down your file into what it thinks are sensible "hunks" (portions of the file).

Git will then prompt you with a variant of this question:

Unstage this hunk [y,n,q,a,d,g,/,j,J,k,K,s,e,?]?

Here is a description of each option:

• y unstage this hunk from the next commit
• n stage this hunk for the next commit
• q quit; do not unstage this hunk or any of the remaining hunks
• a unstage this hunk and all later hunks in the file
• d do not unstage this hunk or any of the later hunks in the file
• g select a hunk to go to
• / search for a hunk matching the given regex
• j leave this hunk undecided, see next undecided hunk
• J leave this hunk undecided, see next hunk
• k leave this hunk undecided, see previous undecided hunk
• K leave this hunk undecided, see previous hunk
• s split the current hunk into smaller hunks
• e manually edit the current hunk
• ? print hunk help

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NOTE ABOUT e MANUAL EDITING: Be extra careful when using the edit (e) mode above as it is not intuitive. I'll include and then revise the in-line git documentation:

# To remove '+' lines, make them ' ' lines (context).
# To remove '-' lines, delete them.                
# Lines starting with # will be removed. 

Revised for clarity:

• All lines starting with + are lines currently staged to be added which will now be unstaged. To keep + lines from being unstaged (i.e. to leave them as staged changes), replace the initial + with a space character.
• All lines starting with - are lines currently staged to be deleted which will now be unstaged. To keep - lines from being unstaged (i.e. to leave them as staged changes), delete each line entirely.
• All lines with #, are comment lines and do not affect the content of the commit.
• Perhaps also keep in mind @Daniel-Alder's comment, to avoid accidentally unstaging the whole hunk.

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Afterwards, you can use:

• git diff --staged to check that you unstaged/staged the correct changes
• git add -p to stage mistakenly removed hunks
• git commit -v to view your commit while you edit the commit message.

Reference for future: Git Tools - Interactive Staging