There is a time and place for everything. I've seen code with too many patterns, which would agree with your point, but also with not enough patterns, making the code difficult to maintain and error prone when making changes.
Generalizing something like this is going to be logically flawed, but if you rephrase your question to something along the lines of "can there be too many patterns in code that is symptomatic of a bigger problem, that is, insufficient levels of abstraction" then the answer would be yes. Is it always the case? No.
