How to create a new (and empty!) “root” branch?

Question

I would like to define a new \"root\" branch in this git repository. By \"root\" branch I mean a branch that is entirely independent of all the other branches in the reposi

Answer 1

Is there some way I can create a completely bare branch in this repository.

The actual command to use (with Git 2.28+) is:

git switch --discard-changes --orphan newBranch
# or
git switch -f --orphan newBranch

git switch is available from Git 2.23 (August 2019), and replaces the old confusing git checkout command.

But I would recommend Git 2.28 (Q3 2020), because git switch --discard-changes --orphan has been optimized in that version.

See commit 8d3e33d, commit 8186128 (21 May 2020) by brian m. carlson (bk2204).
^{(Merged by Junio C Hamano -- gitster -- in commit ded44af, 09 Jun 2020)}

builtin/checkout: simplify metadata initialization

^{Signed-off-by: brian m. carlson
Reviewed-by: Derrick Stolee}

When we call init_checkout_metadata in reset_tree, we want to pass the object ID of the commit in question so that it can be passed to filters, or if there is no commit, the tree.

We anticipated this latter case, which can occur elsewhere in the checkout code, but it cannot occur here.

The only case in which we do not have a commit object is when invoking git switch with --orphan.

Moreover, we can only hit this code path without a commit object additionally with either --force or --discard-changes.

In such a case, there is no point initializing the checkout metadata with a commit or tree because

• (a) there is no commit, only the empty tree, and
• (b) we will never use the data, since no files will be smudged when checking out a branch with no files.

Pass the all-zeros object ID in this case, since we just need some value which is a valid pointer.

Test:

git switch master
echo foo >foo.txt
git switch --discard-changes --orphan new-orphan2
git ls-files >tracked-files
# test_must_be_empty tracked-files

Answer 2

Use the --orphan when creating the branch:

git checkout --orphan YourBranchName

This will create a new branch with zero commits on it, however all of your files will be staged. At that point you could just remove them.
("remove them": A git reset --hard will empty the index, leaving you with an empty working tree)

Take a look at the man page for checkout for more information on --orphan.

Answer 3

If you use git 2.23 or above you may be used to git switch and git restore instead of git checkout. If so, the flag is the same as mentioned in this answer.

git switch --orphan YourBranchHere

Answer 4

To add to the accepted answer - best practice to revert to clean state is to create an initial empty commit so you can easily rebase while setting up your branches for posterity. Plus since you want a clean state you probably have committed files that you shouldn't, so you have to remove them from the index. With those in mind you should:

$ git checkout --orphan dev2
Switched to a new branch 'dev2'
$ git reset # unstage all the files, you probably don't want to commit all of them
$ git commit --allow-empty -m 'Initial empty commit'
[dev2 (root-commit) a515c28] Initial empty commit