WebDriverException: Returned value cannot be converted to WebElement: {} while using WebDriver with Safari 11 on Mac OS X

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I have a selenium webdriver script which performs some regression tests on my application under test. The script works perfectly on Google Chrome, Firefox, IE, etc.

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感情败类

2020-12-22 02:32
This error message...
```
org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: Returned value cannot be converted to WebElement: {}
```
...implies that WebDriverException was raised while JVM tried to cast the returned value into a WebElement.

However your main issue is as follows:
```
java.lang.ClassCastException: com.google.common.collect.Maps$TransformedEntriesMap cannot be cast to org.openqa.selenium.WebElement
```
ClassCastException

ClassCastException is thrown to indicate that the code has attempted to cast an object to a subclass of which it is not an instance. As an example, the following code generates a ClassCastException:
```
Object x = new Integer(0);
System.out.println((String)x);
```
What went wrong

It is not clear about your usecase why you require to grab the <body> tag. But as per the following discussions:
- java.lang.ClassCastException exception while clicking/inputing on any web object
- WebDriver and Firefox 4+: this.getWindow() is null
There can be three possibilities of this error as follows:
- Your script/program was trying to access the <body> tag when the page was still loading perhaps when some JavaScript / Ajax was still active.
- Solution: Induce WebDriverWait for the WebElement to whom you desire to interact with as follows:
```
WebElement element = new WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id("elementID")));
```
- If you want to get the Page Source use getPageSource() method as follows:
```
System.out.println(driver.getPageSource());
```
- If the control of the program was within an <iframe> before trying to find the <body> tag, switch back to the defaultContent as follows:
```
driver.switchTo().defaultContent();
```
Note: As per best practices always keep your Test Environment updated with the latest releases.
- Update the Selenium Client dependency to 3.12.0:
  - selenium-java:
```
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
    <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
    <version>3.12.0</version>
</dependency> 
```
  - selenium-server:
```
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
    <artifactId>selenium-server</artifactId>
    <version>3.12.0</version>
</dependency>
```
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WebDriverException: Returned value cannot be converted to WebElement: {} while using WebDriver with Safari 11 on Mac OS X

ClassCastException

What went wrong