I have created an Observer.php for the event catalog_product_new_action
It looks like you'll need to work with the actual stock item object which is set as a property on the product object.
See Mage_CatalogInventory_Model_Observer::copyInventoryData()[link] for a reference of the stock item properties.
....
//$product->save();
$stockItem = Mage::getModel('cataloginventory/stock_item');
$stockItem->assignProduct($product);
$stockItem->setData('is_in_stock', 1);
$stockItem->setData('stock_id', 1);
$stockItem->setData('store_id', 1);
$stockItem->setData('manage_stock', 0);
$stockItem->setData('use_config_manage_stock', 0);
$stockItem->setData('min_sale_qty', 0);
$stockItem->setData('use_config_min_sale_qty', 0);
$stockItem->setData('max_sale_qty', 1000);
$stockItem->setData('use_config_max_sale_qty', 0);
//$stockItem->save();
Read more at http://blog.magentoconnect.us/creating-magento-products-on-the-fly/