Psycopg2 doesn't like table names that start with a lower case letter

Question

I am running ActiveState\'s ActivePython 2.6.5.12 and PostgreSQL 9.0 Beta 1 under Windows XP.

If I create a table with an upper case first letter (i.e. Books), psyco

Answer 1

To add to the other answer, the behaviour of Postresql about case-sentivity of identifiers (table names and column names) is :

• If the name is not quoted, it is converted to lowercase. Otherwise, it's left untouched.
• Afterwards, a case sensitive match is attempted.

This applies not only for queries, but also for schema manipulation; in particular: table creation.

The golden rule is consistency:

If you want to write portable applications you are advised to always quote a particular name or never quote it

The posted problem arose, probably, because the tables and columns names were quoted at creation time (hence, they were not converted to lowercase). So, now they must be quoted (and case-sensitive) in all queries.

Normally, all works as expected.

db=# create table Xxx (id integer); -- unquoted, will be converted to lowercase
CREATE TABLE
db=# select * from xXx;    -- this works ok
id
----
(0 rows)
db=# create table "Xxxx" (id integer);  -- will be left untouched
CREATE TABLE
db=# select * from xxxx;                -- bad
ERROR:  relation "xxxx" does not exist
LINE 1: select * from xxxx;
db=# select * from Xxxx;                -- bad
ERROR:  relation "xxxx" does not exist
LINE 1: select * from Xxxx;
^
db=# select * from "Xxxx";               -- ok
id
----
(0 rows)

db=# \dt *xx*
List of relations
Schema | Name | Type  |  Owner
--------+------+-------+----------
public | Xxxx | table | postgres
public | xxx  | table | postgres

Answer 2

Read "Identifiers and Key Words" from the manual, especially the part about "quoted identifiers".

Answer 3

I often have to use Psycopg2 with tables that have been created by other people and they use a lot of case mixing in their column names.

The solution I found is to use

from psycopg2.extensions import AsIs

and to then put the column name in a variable like:

column_name = '"Column_Mixed_Case"'#Mind the '" quotes combination !

and pass the variable to the sql as follows

data = AsIs(column_name)
sql = "select %s from table"
cur.execute(sql,data)