Code Golf: Collatz Conjecture

Answer 1

import java.math.BigInteger;
public class SortaJava {

    static final BigInteger THREE = new BigInteger("3");
    static final BigInteger TWO = new BigInteger("2");

    interface BiFunc<R, A, B> {
      R call(A a, B b);
    }

    interface Cons<A, B> {
      <R> R apply(BiFunc<R, A, B> func);
    }

    static class Collatz implements Cons<BigInteger, Collatz> {
      BigInteger value;
      public Collatz(BigInteger value) { this.value = value; }
      public <R> R apply(BiFunc<R, BigInteger, Collatz> func) {
        if(BigInteger.ONE.equals(value))
          return func.call(value, null);
        if(value.testBit(0))
          return func.call(value, new Collatz((value.multiply(THREE)).add(BigInteger.ONE)));
        return func.call(value, new Collatz(value.divide(TWO)));
      }
    }

    static class PrintAReturnB<A, B> implements BiFunc<B, A, B> {
      boolean first = true;
      public B call(A a, B b) {
        if(first)
          first = false;
        else
          System.out.print(" -> ");
        System.out.print(a);
        return b;
      }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
      BiFunc<Collatz, BigInteger, Collatz> printer = new PrintAReturnB<BigInteger, Collatz>();
      Collatz collatz = new Collatz(new BigInteger(args[0]));
      while(collatz != null)
        collatz = collatz.apply(printer);
    }
}

Answer 2

C#: 216 Characters

using C=System.Console;class P{static void Main(){var p="start:";System.Action<object> o=C.Write;o(p);ulong i;while(ulong.TryParse(C.ReadLine(),out i)){o(i);while(i > 1){i=i%2==0?i/2:i*3+1;o(" -> "+i);}o("\n"+p);}}}

in long form:

using C = System.Console;
class P
{
    static void Main()
    {
        var p = "start:"; 
        System.Action<object> o = C.Write; 
        o(p); 
        ulong i; 
        while (ulong.TryParse(C.ReadLine(), out i))
        {
            o(i); 
            while (i > 1)
            {
                i = i % 2 == 0 ? i / 2 : i * 3 + 1; 
                o(" -> " + i);
            } 
            o("\n" + p);
        }
    }
}

New Version, accepts one number as input provided through the command line, no input validation. 173 154 characters.

using System;class P{static void Main(string[]a){Action<object>o=Console.Write;var i=ulong.Parse(a[0]);o(i);while(i>1){i=i%2==0?i/2:i*3+1;o(" -> "+i);}}}

in long form:

using System;
class P
{
    static void Main(string[]a)
    {
        Action<object>o=Console.Write;
        var i=ulong.Parse(a[0]);
        o(i);
        while(i>1)
        {
            i=i%2==0?i/2:i*3+1;
            o(" -> "+i);
        }
    }
}

I am able to shave a few characters by ripping off the idea in this answer to use a for loop rather than a while. 150 characters.

using System;class P{static void Main(string[]a){Action<object>o=Console.Write;for(var i=ulong.Parse(a[0]);i>1;i=i%2==0?i/2:i*3+1)o(i+" -> ");o(1);}}

Answer 3

Haskell : 50

c 1=[1];c n=n:(c$if odd n then 3*n+1 else n`div`2)

Answer 4

x86 assembly, 1337 characters

;
; To assemble and link this program, just run:
;
; >> $ nasm -f elf collatz.asm && gcc -o collatz collatz.o
;
; You can then enjoy its output by passing a number to it on the command line:
;
; >> $ ./collatz 123
; >> 123 --> 370 --> 185 --> 556 --> 278 --> 139 --> 418 --> 209 --> 628 --> 314
; >> --> 157 --> 472 --> 236 --> 118 --> 59 --> 178 --> 89 --> 268 --> 134 --> 67
; >> --> 202 --> 101 --> 304 --> 152 --> 76 --> 38 --> 19 --> 58 --> 29 --> 88
; >> --> 44 --> 22 --> 11 --> 34 --> 17 --> 52 --> 26 --> 13 --> 40 --> 20 --> 10
; >> --> 5 --> 16 --> 8 --> 4 --> 2 --> 1
; 
; There's even some error checking involved:
; >> $ ./collatz
; >> Usage: ./collatz NUMBER
;
section .text
global main
extern printf
extern atoi

main:

  cmp dword [esp+0x04], 2
  jne .usage

  mov ebx, [esp+0x08]
  push dword [ebx+0x04]
  call atoi
  add esp, 4

  cmp eax, 0
  je .usage

  mov ebx, eax
  push eax
  push msg

.loop:
  mov [esp+0x04], ebx
  call printf

  test ebx, 0x01
  jz .even

.odd:
  lea ebx, [1+ebx*2+ebx]
  jmp .loop

.even:

  shr ebx, 1
  cmp ebx, 1
  jne .loop

  push ebx
  push end
  call printf

  add esp, 16
  xor eax, eax
  ret

.usage:
  mov ebx, [esp+0x08]
  push dword [ebx+0x00]
  push usage
  call printf
  add esp, 8
  mov eax, 1
  ret

msg db "%d --> ", 0
end db "%d", 10, 0
usage db "Usage: %s NUMBER", 10, 0

Answer 5

bc 41 chars

I guess this kind of problems is what bc was invented for:

for(n=read();n>1;){if(n%2)n=n*6+2;n/=2;n}

Test:

bc1 -q collatz.bc
21
64
32
16
8
4
2
1

Proper code:

for(n=read();n>1;){if(n%2)n=n*3+1else n/=2;print n,"\n"}

bc handles numbers with up to INT_MAX digits

Edit: The Wikipedia article mentions this conjecture has been checked for all values up to 20x2⁵⁸ (aprox. 5.76e18). This program:

c=0;for(n=2^20000+1;n>1;){if(n%2)n=n*6+2;n/=2;c+=1};n;c

tests 2^20,000+1 (aprox. 3.98e6,020) in 68 seconds, 144,404 cycles.

Answer 6

nroff¹

Run with nroff -U hail.g

.warn
.pl 1
.pso (printf "Enter a number: " 1>&2); read x; echo .nr x $x
.while \nx>1 \{\
.  ie \nx%2 .nr x \nx*3+1
.  el .nr x \nx/2
\nx
.\}

---

^{1. groff version}