Code Golf: Collatz Conjecture

Answer 1

Another assembler version. This one is not limited to 32 bit numbers, it can handle numbers up to 10⁶⁵⁵³⁴ although the ".com" format MS-DOS uses is limited to 80 digit numbers. Written for A86 assembler and requires a Win-XP DOS box to run. Assembles to 180 bytes:

    mov ax,cs
    mov si,82h
    add ah,10h
    mov es,ax
    mov bh,0
    mov bl,byte ptr [80h]
    cmp bl,1
    jbe ret
    dec bl
    mov cx,bx
    dec bl
    xor di,di
 p1:lodsb
    sub al,'0'
    cmp al,10
    jae ret
    stosb
    loop p1
    xor bp,bp
    push es
    pop ds
 p2:cmp byte ptr ds:[bp],0
    jne p3
    inc bp
    jmp p2
    ret
 p3:lea si,[bp-1]
    cld
 p4:inc si
    mov dl,[si]
    add dl,'0'
    mov ah,2
    int 21h
    cmp si,bx
    jne p4
    cmp bx,bp
    jne p5
    cmp byte ptr [bx],1
    je ret
 p5:mov dl,'-'
    mov ah,2
    int 21h
    mov dl,'>'
    int 21h
    test byte ptr [bx],1
    jz p10
    ;odd
    mov si,bx
    mov di,si
    mov dx,3
    dec bp
    std
 p6:lodsb
    mul dl
    add al,dh
    aam
    mov dh,ah
    stosb
    cmp si,bp
    jnz p6
    or dh,dh
    jz p7
    mov al,dh
    stosb
    dec bp
 p7:mov si,bx
    mov di,si
 p8:lodsb
    inc al
    xor ah,ah
    aaa
    stosb
    or ah,ah
    jz p9
    cmp si,bp
    jne p8
    mov al,1
    stosb
    jmp p2
 p9:inc bp
    jmp p2
    p10:mov si,bp
    mov di,bp
    xor ax,ax
p11:lodsb
    test ah,1
    jz p12
    add al,10
p12:mov ah,al
    shr al,1
    cmp di,bx
    stosb
    jne p11
    jmp p2

Answer 2

Python - 95 64 51 46 char

Obviously does not produce a stack overflow.

n=input()
while n>1:n=(n/2,n*3+1)[n%2];print n

Answer 3

MS Excel, 35 chars

=IF(A1/2=ROUND(A1/2,0),A1/2,A1*3+1)

Taken straight from Wikipedia:

In cell A1, place the starting number.
In cell A2 enter this formula =IF(A1/2=ROUND(A1/2,0),A1/2,A1*3+1) 
Drag and copy the formula down until 4, 2, 1

It only took copy/pasting the formula 111 times to get the result for a starting number of 1000. ;)

Answer 4

F#, 90 characters

let c=Seq.unfold(function|n when n<=1->None|n when n%2=0->Some(n,n/2)|n->Some(n,(3*n)+1))

> c 21;;
val it : seq<int> = seq [21; 64; 32; 16; ...]

Or if you're not using F# interactive to display the result, 102 characters:

let c=Seq.unfold(function|n when n<=1->None|n when n%2=0->Some(n,n/2)|n->Some(n,(3*n)+1))>>printf"%A"

Answer 5

Common Lisp, 141 characters:

(defun c ()
  (format t"Number: ")
  (loop for n = (read) then (if(oddp n)(+ 1 n n n)(/ n 2))
     until (= n 1)
     do (format t"~d -> "n))
  (format t"1~%"))

Test run:

Number: 171
171 -> 514 -> 257 -> 772 -> 386 -> 193 -> 580 -> 290 -> 145 -> 436 ->
218 -> 109 -> 328 -> 164 -> 82 -> 41 -> 124 -> 62 -> 31 -> 94 -> 47 ->
142 -> 71 -> 214 -> 107 -> 322 -> 161 -> 484 -> 242 -> 121 -> 364 ->
182 -> 91 -> 274 -> 137 -> 412 -> 206 -> 103 -> 310 -> 155 -> 466 ->
233 -> 700 -> 350 -> 175 -> 526 -> 263 -> 790 -> 395 -> 1186 -> 593 ->
1780 -> 890 -> 445 -> 1336 -> 668 -> 334 -> 167 -> 502 -> 251 -> 754 ->
377 -> 1132 -> 566 -> 283 -> 850 -> 425 -> 1276 -> 638 -> 319 ->
958 -> 479 -> 1438 -> 719 -> 2158 -> 1079 -> 3238 -> 1619 -> 4858 ->
2429 -> 7288 -> 3644 -> 1822 -> 911 -> 2734 -> 1367 -> 4102 -> 2051 ->
6154 -> 3077 -> 9232 -> 4616 -> 2308 -> 1154 -> 577 -> 1732 -> 866 ->
433 -> 1300 -> 650 -> 325 -> 976 -> 488 -> 244 -> 122 -> 61 -> 184 ->
92 -> 46 -> 23 -> 70 -> 35 -> 106 -> 53 -> 160 -> 80 -> 40 -> 20 ->
10 -> 5 -> 16 -> 8 -> 4 -> 2 -> 1 

Answer 6

Perl : 31 chars

perl -nE 'say$_=$_%2?$_*3+1:$_/2while$_>1'
#         123456789 123456789 123456789 1234567

Edited to remove 2 unnecessary spaces.

Edited to remove 1 unnecessary space.