How to echo multi lined strings in a Bourne shell [duplicate]

Answer 1

echo is so nineties. The new (POSIX) kid on the block is printf.

 printf '%s\n' "$MY_STRING"

No -e or SYSV vs BSD echo madness and full control over what gets printed where and how wide, escape sequences like in C. Everybody please start using printf now and never look back.

Answer 2

You need double quotes around the variable interpolation.

 echo -e "$MY_STRING"

This is an all-too common error. You should get into the habit of always quoting strings, unless you specifically need to split into whitespace-separated tokens or have wildcards expanded.

So to be explicit, the shell will normalize whitespace when it parses your command line. You can see this if you write a simple C program which prints out its argv array.

argv[0]='Hello,'
argv[1]='world!'
argv[2]='This'
argv[3]='Is'
argv[4]='A'
argv[5]='Multi'
argv[6]='lined'
argv[7]='String.'

By contrast, with quoting, the whole string is in argv[0], newlines and all.

For what it's worth, also consider here documents (with cat, not echo):

cat <<"HERE"
foo
Bar
HERE

You can also interpolate a variable in a here document.

cat <<HERE
$MY_STRING
HERE

... although in this particular case, it's hardly what you want.

Answer 3

Try this :

echo  "$MY_STRING"