Retrieving name, id, birthday and location of a user's friends can be done with this FQL call:
SELECT uid,name, birthday_date, hometown_location
FROM user
WHERE uid IN (SELECT uid2 FROM friend WHERE uid1 = me())
On Android, using the Facebook Android SDK, this can be implemented as:
String query = "SELECT uid,name,birthday_date, hometown_location FROM user WHERE uid IN (SELECT uid2 FROM friend WHERE uid1 = me()) (SELECT uid2 FROM friend WHERE uid1=me())"
Bundle params = new Bundle();
params.putString("method", "fql.query");
params.putString("query", query);
mAsyncFacebookRunner.request(null, params, new FQLRequestListener())
where FQLRequestListener extends RequestListener.
You need these permissions:
friends_birthday
friends_hometown