Scala - how to print case classes like (pretty printed) tree

Question

I\'m making a parser with Scala Combinators. It is awesome. What I end up with is a long list of entagled case classes, like: ClassDecl(Complex,List(VarDecl(Real,float

Answer 1

Here's my solution which greatly improves how http://www.lihaoyi.com/PPrint/ handles the case-classes (see https://github.com/lihaoyi/PPrint/issues/4 ).

e.g. it prints this:

for such a usage:

  pprint2 = pprint.copy(additionalHandlers = pprintAdditionalHandlers)

  case class Author(firstName: String, lastName: String)
  case class Book(isbn: String, author: Author)
  val b = Book("978-0486282114", Author("first", "last"))
  pprint2.pprintln(b)

code:

import pprint.{PPrinter, Tree, Util}
object PPrintUtils {
  // in scala 2.13 this would be even simpler/cleaner due to added product.productElementNames
  protected def caseClassToMap(cc: Product): Map[String, Any] = {
    val fieldValues = cc.productIterator.toSet
    val fields = cc.getClass.getDeclaredFields.toSeq
      .filterNot(f => f.isSynthetic || java.lang.reflect.Modifier.isStatic(f.getModifiers))
    fields.map { f =>
      f.setAccessible(true)
      f.getName -> f.get(cc)
    }.filter { case (k, v) => fieldValues.contains(v) }
      .toMap
  }

  var pprint2: PPrinter = _

  protected def pprintAdditionalHandlers: PartialFunction[Any, Tree] = {
    case x: Product =>
      val className = x.getClass.getName
      // see source code for pprint.treeify()
      val shouldNotPrettifyCaseClass = x.productArity == 0 || (x.productArity == 2 && Util.isOperator(x.productPrefix)) || className.startsWith(pprint.tuplePrefix) || className == "scala.Some"

      if (shouldNotPrettifyCaseClass)
        pprint.treeify(x)
      else {
        val fieldMap = caseClassToMap(x)
        pprint.Tree.Apply(
          x.productPrefix,
          fieldMap.iterator.flatMap { case (k, v) =>
            val prettyValue: Tree = pprintAdditionalHandlers.lift(v).getOrElse(pprint2.treeify(v))
            Seq(pprint.Tree.Infix(Tree.Literal(k), "=", prettyValue))
          }
        )
      }
  }

  pprint2 = pprint.copy(additionalHandlers = pprintAdditionalHandlers)
}

// usage
pprint2.println(SomeFancyObjectWithNestedCaseClasses(...))

Answer 2

Starting Scala 2.13, case classes (which are an implementation of Product) are now provided with a productElementNames method which returns an iterator over their field's names.

Combined with Product::productIterator which provides the values of a case class, we have a simple way to pretty print case classes without requiring reflection:

def pprint(obj: Any, depth: Int = 0, paramName: Option[String] = None): Unit = {

  val indent = "  " * depth
  val prettyName = paramName.fold("")(x => s"$x: ")
  val ptype = obj match { case _: Iterable[Any] => "" case obj: Product => obj.productPrefix case _ => obj.toString }

  println(s"$indent$prettyName$ptype")

  obj match {
    case seq: Iterable[Any] =>
      seq.foreach(pprint(_, depth + 1))
    case obj: Product =>
      (obj.productIterator zip obj.productElementNames)
        .foreach { case (subObj, paramName) => pprint(subObj, depth + 1, Some(paramName)) }
    case _ =>
  }
}

which for your specific scenario:

// sealed trait Kind
// case object Complex extends Kind
// case class VarDecl(a: Int, b: String)
// case class ClassDecl(kind: Kind, decls: List[VarDecl])

val data = ClassDecl(Complex, List(VarDecl(1, "abcd"), VarDecl(2, "efgh")))

pprint(data)

produces:

ClassDecl
  kind: Complex
  decls: 
    VarDecl
      a: 1
      b: abcd
    VarDecl
      a: 2
      b: efgh

Answer 3

import java.lang.reflect.Field
...

/**
  * Pretty prints case classes with field names.
  * Handles sequences and arrays of such values.
  * Ideally, one could take the output and paste it into source code and have it compile.
  */
def prettyPrint(a: Any): String = {
  // Recursively get all the fields; this will grab vals declared in parents of case classes.
  def getFields(cls: Class[_]): List[Field] =
    Option(cls.getSuperclass).map(getFields).getOrElse(Nil) ++
        cls.getDeclaredFields.toList.filterNot(f =>
          f.isSynthetic || java.lang.reflect.Modifier.isStatic(f.getModifiers))
  a match {
    // Make Strings look similar to their literal form.
    case s: String =>
      '"' + Seq("\n" -> "\\n", "\r" -> "\\r", "\t" -> "\\t", "\"" -> "\\\"", "\\" -> "\\\\").foldLeft(s) {
        case (acc, (c, r)) => acc.replace(c, r) } + '"'
    case xs: Seq[_] =>
      xs.map(prettyPrint).toString
    case xs: Array[_] =>
      s"Array(${xs.map(prettyPrint) mkString ", "})"
    // This covers case classes.
    case p: Product =>
      s"${p.productPrefix}(${
        (getFields(p.getClass) map { f =>
          f setAccessible true
          s"${f.getName} = ${prettyPrint(f.get(p))}"
        }) mkString ", "
      })"
    // General objects and primitives end up here.
    case q =>
      Option(q).map(_.toString).getOrElse("¡null!")
  }
}

Answer 4

If you use Apache Spark, you can use the following method to print your case classes :

def prettyPrint[T <: Product : scala.reflect.runtime.universe.TypeTag](c:T) = {
  import play.api.libs.json.Json
  println(Json.prettyPrint(Json.parse(Seq(c).toDS().toJSON.head)))
}

This gives a nicely formatted JSON representation of your case class instance. Make sure sparkSession.implicits._ is imported

example:

case class Adress(country:String,city:String,zip:Int,street:String) 
case class Person(name:String,age:Int,adress:Adress) 
val person = Person("Peter",36,Adress("Switzerland","Zürich",9876,"Bahnhofstrasse 69"))

prettyPrint(person)

gives :

{
  "name" : "Peter",
  "age" : 36,
  "adress" : {
    "country" : "Switzerland",
    "city" : "Zürich",
    "zip" : 9876,
    "street" : "Bahnhofstrasse 69"
  }
}