gnuplot: 3D plot of a matrix of data

Question

How can I plot (a 3D plot) a matrix in Gnuplot having such data structure, using the first row and column as a x and y ticks (the first number of the first row is the number

Answer 1

Exactly this data format can be read in with matrix nonuniform:

set view 50,20
set ticslevel 0
splot 'data.txt' matrix nonuniform with lines t ''

This generates the correct tics, like specified in the data file:

Answer 2

To plot a 4D plot, using colour as the 4th dimension, you can use

splot  '1.txt' using 2:3:4:5  every ::1  palette
#  |                              |
#  |                              |
# used for 3d plots            skip the header line

Or do you want to draw a different picture, with x and y being the first column and line, and the numbers in the matrix just represinting z? Then use the following:

splot '1.txt' every ::1:1 matrix

To add some effects, you can change it to

set dgrid3d 4,4
splot '1.txt' every ::1:1 matrix with lines