antlr3 - Generating a Parse Tree

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 1  1997

I\'m having trouble figuring out the antlr3 API so I can generate and use a parse tree in some javascript code. When I open the grammar file using antlrWorks (their IDE), th

EDIT

Since there's no proper JavaScript demo on SO yet, here's a quick demo.

The following grammar parses boolean expression with the following operators:

where not has the highest precedence.

Of course there are true and false, and the expressions can be grouped using parenthesis.

file: Exp.g

grammar Exp;

options {
  output=AST;
  language=JavaScript;
}

parse
  :  exp EOF -> exp
  ;

exp
  :  orExp
  ;

orExp
  :  andExp (OR^ andExp)*
  ;

andExp
  :  eqExp (AND^ eqExp)*
  ;

eqExp
  :  unaryExp (IS^ unaryExp)*
  ;

unaryExp
  :  NOT atom -> ^(NOT atom)
  |  atom
  ;

atom
  :  TRUE
  |  FALSE
  |  '(' exp ')' -> exp
  ;

OR     : 'or' ;
AND    : 'and' ;
IS     : 'is' ;
NOT    : 'not' ;
TRUE   : 'true' ;
FALSE  : 'false' ;
SPACE  : (' ' | '\t' | '\r' | '\n') {$channel=HIDDEN;} ;

The grammar above produces an AST which can be fed to the tree-walker below:

file: ExpWalker.g

tree grammar ExpWalker;

options {
  tokenVocab=Exp;
  ASTLabelType=CommonTree;
  language=JavaScript;
}

// `walk` returns a string
walk returns [expr]
  :  exp {expr = ($exp.expr == 1) ? 'True' : 'False';}
  ;

// `exp` returns either 1 (true) or 0 (false)
exp returns [expr]
  :  ^(OR  a=exp b=exp) {expr = ($a.expr == 1 || $b.expr == 1) ? 1 : 0;}
  |  ^(AND a=exp b=exp) {expr = ($a.expr == 1 && $b.expr == 1) ? 1 : 0;}
  |  ^(IS  a=exp b=exp) {expr = ($a.expr == $b.expr) ? 1 : 0;}
  |  ^(NOT a=exp)       {expr = ($a.expr == 1) ? 0 : 1;}
  |  TRUE               {expr = 1;}
  |  FALSE              {expr = 0;}
  ;

(apologies for the messy JavaScript code inside { ... }: I have very little experience with JavaScript!)

Now download ANTLR 3.3 (no earlier version!) and the JavaScript runtime files:

http://www.antlr.org/download/antlr-3.3-complete.jar
http://www.antlr.org/download/antlr-javascript-runtime-3.1.zip

Rename antlr-3.3-complete.jar to antlr-3.3.jar and unzip antlr-javascript-runtime-3.1.zip and store all files in the same folder as your Exp.g and ExpWalker.g files.

Now generate the lexer, parser and tree-walker:

java -cp antlr-3.3.jar org.antlr.Tool Exp.g 
java -cp antlr-3.3.jar org.antlr.Tool ExpWalker.g

And test it all with the following html file:

<html>
  <head>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="antlr3-all-min.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="ExpLexer.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="ExpParser.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="ExpWalker.js"></script>

    <script type="text/javascript">

    function init() {
      var evalButton = document.getElementById("eval");
      evalButton.onclick = evalExpression;
    }

    function evalExpression() {
      document.getElementById("answer").innerHTML = "";
      var expression = document.getElementById("exp").value;
      if(expression) {
        var lexer = new ExpLexer(new org.antlr.runtime.ANTLRStringStream(expression));
        var tokens = new org.antlr.runtime.CommonTokenStream(lexer);
        var parser = new ExpParser(tokens);
        var nodes = new org.antlr.runtime.tree.CommonTreeNodeStream(parser.parse().getTree());
        nodes.setTokenStream(tokens);
        var walker = new ExpWalker(nodes);
        var value = walker.walk();
        document.getElementById("answer").innerHTML = expression + " = " + value;
      }
      else {
        document.getElementById("exp").value = "enter an expression here first"; 
      }
    }

    </script>
  </head>
  <body onload="init()">
    <input id="exp" type="text" size="35" />
    <button id="eval">evaluate</button>
    <div id="answer"></div>
  </body>
</html>

And behold the result:

enter image description here

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