POST Multipart Form Data using Retrofit 2.0 including image

Question

I am trying to do a HTTP POST to server using Retrofit 2.0

MediaType MEDIA_TYPE_TEXT = MediaType.parse(\"text/plain\");
MediaType MEDIA_TYPE         


        

Answer 1

Update Code for image file uploading in Retrofit2.0

public interface ApiInterface {

    @Multipart
    @POST("user/signup")
    Call<UserModelResponse> updateProfilePhotoProcess(@Part("email") RequestBody email,
                                                      @Part("password") RequestBody password,
                                                      @Part("profile_pic\"; filename=\"pp.png")
                                                              RequestBody file);
}

Change MediaType.parse("image/*") to MediaType.parse("image/jpeg")

RequestBody reqFile = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("image/jpeg"),
                                         file);
RequestBody email = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("text/plain"),
                                       "upload_test4@gmail.com");
RequestBody password = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("text/plain"),
                                          "123456789");

Call<UserModelResponse> call = apiService.updateProfilePhotoProcess(email,
                                                                    password,
                                                                    reqFile);
call.enqueue(new Callback<UserModelResponse>() {

    @Override
    public void onResponse(Call<UserModelResponse> call,
                           Response<UserModelResponse> response) {

        String
                TAG =
                response.body()
                        .toString();

        UserModelResponse userModelResponse = response.body();
        UserModel userModel = userModelResponse.getUserModel();

        Log.d("MainActivity",
              "user image = " + userModel.getProfilePic());

    }

    @Override
    public void onFailure(Call<UserModelResponse> call,
                          Throwable t) {

        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,
                       "" + TAG,
                       Toast.LENGTH_LONG)
             .show();

    }
});

Answer 2

Uploading Files using Retrofit is Quite Simple You need to build your api interface as

public interface Api {

    String BASE_URL = "http://192.168.43.124/ImageUploadApi/";


    @Multipart
    @POST("yourapipath")
    Call<MyResponse> uploadImage(@Part("image\"; filename=\"myfile.jpg\" ") RequestBody file, @Part("desc") RequestBody desc);

}

in the above code image is the key name so if you are using php you will write $_FILES['image']['tmp_name'] to get this. And filename="myfile.jpg" is the name of your file that is being sent with the request.

Now to upload the file you need a method that will give you the absolute path from the Uri.

private String getRealPathFromURI(Uri contentUri) {
    String[] proj = {MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA};
    CursorLoader loader = new CursorLoader(this, contentUri, proj, null, null, null);
    Cursor cursor = loader.loadInBackground();
    int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA);
    cursor.moveToFirst();
    String result = cursor.getString(column_index);
    cursor.close();
    return result;
}

Now you can use the below code to upload your file.

 private void uploadFile(Uri fileUri, String desc) {

        //creating a file
        File file = new File(getRealPathFromURI(fileUri));

        //creating request body for file
        RequestBody requestFile = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse(getContentResolver().getType(fileUri)), file);
        RequestBody descBody = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("text/plain"), desc);

        //The gson builder
        Gson gson = new GsonBuilder()
                .setLenient()
                .create();


        //creating retrofit object
        Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()
                .baseUrl(Api.BASE_URL)
                .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create(gson))
                .build();

        //creating our api 
        Api api = retrofit.create(Api.class);

        //creating a call and calling the upload image method 
        Call<MyResponse> call = api.uploadImage(requestFile, descBody);

        //finally performing the call 
        call.enqueue(new Callback<MyResponse>() {
            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call<MyResponse> call, Response<MyResponse> response) {
                if (!response.body().error) {
                    Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "File Uploaded Successfully...", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                } else {
                    Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Some error occurred...", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                }
            }

            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call<MyResponse> call, Throwable t) {
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), t.getMessage(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
        });
    }

For more detailed explanation you can visit this Retrofit Upload File Tutorial.

Answer 3

I am highlighting the solution in both 1.9 and 2.0 since it is useful for some

In 1.9, I think the better solution is to save the file to disk and use it as Typed file like:

RetroFit 1.9

(I don't know about your server-side implementation) have an API interface method similar to this

@POST("/en/Api/Results/UploadFile")
void UploadFile(@Part("file") TypedFile file,
                @Part("folder") String folder,
                Callback<Response> callback);

And use it like

TypedFile file = new TypedFile("multipart/form-data",
                                       new File(path));

For RetroFit 2 Use the following method

RetroFit 2.0 ( This was a workaround for an issue in RetroFit 2 which is fixed now, for the correct method refer jimmy0251's answer)

API Interface:

public interface ApiInterface {

    @Multipart
    @POST("/api/Accounts/editaccount")
    Call<User> editUser(@Header("Authorization") String authorization,
                        @Part("file\"; filename=\"pp.png\" ") RequestBody file,
                        @Part("FirstName") RequestBody fname,
                        @Part("Id") RequestBody id);
}

Use it like:

File file = new File(imageUri.getPath());

RequestBody fbody = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("image/*"),
                                       file);

RequestBody name = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("text/plain"),
                                      firstNameField.getText()
                                                    .toString());

RequestBody id = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("text/plain"),
                                    AZUtils.getUserId(this));

Call<User> call = client.editUser(AZUtils.getToken(this),
                                  fbody,
                                  name,
                                  id);

call.enqueue(new Callback<User>() {

    @Override
    public void onResponse(retrofit.Response<User> response,
                           Retrofit retrofit) {

        AZUtils.printObject(response.body());
    }

    @Override
    public void onFailure(Throwable t) {

        t.printStackTrace();
    }
});

Answer 4

There is a correct way of uploading a file with its name with Retrofit 2, without any hack:

Define API interface:

@Multipart
@POST("uploadAttachment")
Call<MyResponse> uploadAttachment(@Part MultipartBody.Part filePart); 
                                   // You can add other parameters too

Upload file like this:

File file = // initialize file here

MultipartBody.Part filePart = MultipartBody.Part.createFormData("file", file.getName(), RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("image/*"), file));

Call<MyResponse> call = api.uploadAttachment(filePart);

This demonstrates only file uploading, you can also add other parameters in the same method with @Part annotation.

Answer 5

in kotlin its quite easy, using extensions methods of toMediaType, asRequestBody and toRequestBody here's an example:

here I am posting a couple of normal fields along with a pdf file and an image file using multipart

this is API declaration using retrofit:

    @Multipart
    @POST("api/Lesson/AddNewLesson")
    fun createLesson(
        @Part("userId") userId: RequestBody,
        @Part("LessonTitle") lessonTitle: RequestBody,
        @Part pdf: MultipartBody.Part,
        @Part imageFile: MultipartBody.Part
    ): Maybe<BaseResponse<String>>

and here is how to actually call it:

api.createLesson(
            userId.toRequestBody("text/plain".toMediaType()),
            lessonTitle.toRequestBody("text/plain".toMediaType()),
            startFromRegister.toString().toRequestBody("text/plain".toMediaType()),
            MultipartBody.Part.createFormData(
                "jpeg",
                imageFile.name,
                imageFile.asRequestBody("image/*".toMediaType())
            ),
            MultipartBody.Part.createFormData(
                "pdf",
                pdfFile.name,
                pdfFile.asRequestBody("application/pdf".toMediaType())
            )

Answer 6

Kotlin version with update for deprication of RequestBody.create :

Retrofit interface

@Multipart
@POST("uploadPhoto")
fun uploadFile(@Part file: MultipartBody.Part): Call<FileResponse>

and to Upload

fun uploadFile(fileUrl: String){
    val file = File(fileUrl)
    val fileUploadService = RetrofitClientInstance.retrofitInstance.create(FileUploadService::class.java)
    val requestBody = file.asRequestBody(file.extension.toMediaTypeOrNull())
    val filePart = MultipartBody.Part.createFormData(
        "blob",file.name,requestBody
    )
    val call = fileUploadService.uploadFile(filePart)

    call.enqueue(object: Callback<FileResponse>{
        override fun onFailure(call: Call<FileResponse>, t: Throwable) {
            Log.d(TAG,"Fckd")
        }

        override fun onResponse(call: Call<FileResponse>, response: Response<FileResponse>) {
            Log.d(TAG,"success"+response.toString()+" "+response.body().toString()+"  "+response.body()?.status)
        }

    })
}

Thanks to @jimmy0251