I can get/access the value of the UI elements using,
e.parameter.elementname or app.getElementById(id)
if i create UI using UiApps or GUI
When using HtmlService you need to rethink your app to be primarily client based not server based. You can (in client-side JavaScript) add a change handler to any element and do something with the value, including calling a server function with google.script.run.myFunction(someValue). See the new user guide here: https://developers.google.com/apps-script/html_service
As an alternative to client-side JavaScript, you can also create simple forms that submit to the doPost()
handler which then processes the data. I created a sample script to demonstrate: Run, Source