Is there any way to easily make a HTTP request with C++? Specifically, I want to download the contents of a page (an API) and check the contents to see if it contains a 1 o
With this answer I refer to the answer from Software_Developer. By rebuilding the code I found that some parts are deprecated (gethostbyname()
) or do not provide error handling (creation of sockets, sending something) for an operation.
The following windows code is tested with Visual Studio 2013 and Windows 8.1 64-bit as well as Windows 7 64-bit. It will target an IPv4 TCP Connection with the Web Server of www.google.com.
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <WS2tcpip.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <iostream>
#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")
using namespace std;
int main (){
// Initialize Dependencies to the Windows Socket.
WSADATA wsaData;
if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsaData) != 0) {
cout << "WSAStartup failed.\n";
system("pause");
return -1;
}
// We first prepare some "hints" for the "getaddrinfo" function
// to tell it, that we are looking for a IPv4 TCP Connection.
struct addrinfo hints;
ZeroMemory(&hints, sizeof(hints));
hints.ai_family = AF_INET; // We are targeting IPv4
hints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP; // We are targeting TCP
hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM; // We are targeting TCP so its SOCK_STREAM
// Aquiring of the IPv4 address of a host using the newer
// "getaddrinfo" function which outdated "gethostbyname".
// It will search for IPv4 addresses using the TCP-Protocol.
struct addrinfo* targetAdressInfo = NULL;
DWORD getAddrRes = getaddrinfo("www.google.com", NULL, &hints, &targetAdressInfo);
if (getAddrRes != 0 || targetAdressInfo == NULL)
{
cout << "Could not resolve the Host Name" << endl;
system("pause");
WSACleanup();
return -1;
}
// Create the Socket Address Informations, using IPv4
// We dont have to take care of sin_zero, it is only used to extend the length of SOCKADDR_IN to the size of SOCKADDR
SOCKADDR_IN sockAddr;
sockAddr.sin_addr = ((struct sockaddr_in*) targetAdressInfo->ai_addr)->sin_addr; // The IPv4 Address from the Address Resolution Result
sockAddr.sin_family = AF_INET; // IPv4
sockAddr.sin_port = htons(80); // HTTP Port: 80
// We have to free the Address-Information from getaddrinfo again
freeaddrinfo(targetAdressInfo);
// Creation of a socket for the communication with the Web Server,
// using IPv4 and the TCP-Protocol
SOCKET webSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
if (webSocket == INVALID_SOCKET)
{
cout << "Creation of the Socket Failed" << endl;
system("pause");
WSACleanup();
return -1;
}
// Establishing a connection to the web Socket
cout << "Connecting...\n";
if(connect(webSocket, (SOCKADDR*)&sockAddr, sizeof(sockAddr)) != 0)
{
cout << "Could not connect";
system("pause");
closesocket(webSocket);
WSACleanup();
return -1;
}
cout << "Connected.\n";
// Sending a HTTP-GET-Request to the Web Server
const char* httpRequest = "GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: www.google.com\r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n";
int sentBytes = send(webSocket, httpRequest, strlen(httpRequest),0);
if (sentBytes < strlen(httpRequest) || sentBytes == SOCKET_ERROR)
{
cout << "Could not send the request to the Server" << endl;
system("pause");
closesocket(webSocket);
WSACleanup();
return -1;
}
// Receiving and Displaying an answer from the Web Server
char buffer[10000];
ZeroMemory(buffer, sizeof(buffer));
int dataLen;
while ((dataLen = recv(webSocket, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0) > 0))
{
int i = 0;
while (buffer[i] >= 32 || buffer[i] == '\n' || buffer[i] == '\r') {
cout << buffer[i];
i += 1;
}
}
// Cleaning up Windows Socket Dependencies
closesocket(webSocket);
WSACleanup();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
References:
Deprecation of gethostbyname
Return Value of socket()
Return Value of send()
As you want a C++ solution, you could use Qt. It has a QHttp class you can use.
You can check the docs:
http->setHost("qt.nokia.com");
http->get(QUrl::toPercentEncoding("/index.html"));
Qt also has a lot more to it that you could use in a common C++ app.
The HTTP protocol is very simple, so it is very simple to write a HTTP client. Here is one
https://github.com/pedro-vicente/lib_netsockets
It uses HTTP GET to retrieve a file from a web server, both server and file are command line parameters. The remote file is saved to a local copy.
Disclaimer: I am the author
check http.cc https://github.com/pedro-vicente/lib_netsockets/blob/master/src/http.cc
int http_client_t::get(const char *path_remote_file)
{
char buf_request[1024];
//construct request message using class input parameters
sprintf(buf_request, "GET %s HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: %s\r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n", path_remote_file, m_server_ip.c_str());
//send request, using built in tcp_client_t socket
if (this->write_all(buf_request, (int)strlen(buf_request)) < 0)
{
return -1;
}
EDIT: edited URL
You may want to check C++ REST SDK (codename "Casablanca"). http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/jj950081.aspx
With the C++ REST SDK, you can more easily connect to HTTP servers from your C++ app.
Usage example:
#include <iostream>
#include <cpprest/http_client.h>
using namespace web::http; // Common HTTP functionality
using namespace web::http::client; // HTTP client features
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
http_client client("http://httpbin.org/");
http_response response;
// ordinary `get` request
response = client.request(methods::GET, "/get").get();
std::cout << response.extract_string().get() << "\n";
// working with json
response = client.request(methods::GET, "/get").get();
std::cout << "url: " << response.extract_json().get()[U("url")] << "\n";
}
The C++ REST SDK is a Microsoft project for cloud-based client-server communication in native code using a modern asynchronous C++ API design.
Generally I'd recommend something cross-platform like cURL, POCO, or Qt. However, here is a Windows example!:
#include <atlbase.h>
#include <msxml6.h>
#include <comutil.h> // _bstr_t
HRESULT hr;
CComPtr<IXMLHTTPRequest> request;
hr = request.CoCreateInstance(CLSID_XMLHTTP60);
hr = request->open(
_bstr_t("GET"),
_bstr_t("https://www.google.com/images/srpr/logo11w.png"),
_variant_t(VARIANT_FALSE),
_variant_t(),
_variant_t());
hr = request->send(_variant_t());
// get status - 200 if succuss
long status;
hr = request->get_status(&status);
// load image data (if url points to an image)
VARIANT responseVariant;
hr = request->get_responseStream(&responseVariant);
IStream* stream = (IStream*)responseVariant.punkVal;
CImage *image = new CImage();
image->Load(stream);
stream->Release();
CppRest SDK by MS is what I just found and after about 1/2 hour had my first simple web service call working. Compared that to others mentioned here where I was not able to get anything even installed after hours of looking, I'd say it is pretty impressive
https://github.com/microsoft/cpprestsdk
Scroll down and click on Documentation, then click on Getting Started Tutorial and you will have a simple app running in no time.