Why does a python module act like a singleton?

Question

I create a dictionary from a remote database as part of my application run. This process is pretty I/O heavy, so I\'ve decided to create a \"singleton\" instance of this di

Answer 1

This is the Python Language Reference's description of how importing a module works:

(1) find a module, and initialize it if necessary; (2) define a name or names in the local namespace

(Emphasis added.) Here, initializing a module means executing its code. This execution is only performed if necessary, i.e. if the module was not previously imported in the current process. Since Python modules are first-class runtime objects, they effectively become singletons, initialized at the time of first import.

Note that this means that there's no need for a get_state_dict_code function; just initialize state_code_dict at top-level:

state_code_dict = generate_state_code_dict()

For a more in-depth explanation, see this talk by Thomas Wouters, esp. the first part — around 04:20 — where he discusses the "everything is runtime" principle.

Answer 2

I voted larsmans answer, i just wanted to add an example.

hello.py:

hi = 'hello'

print(hi)

def print_hi():
    print(hi)

ipython session:

In [1]: from hello import print_hi
hello

In [2]: print_hi()
hello

In [3]: from hello import print_hi

In [4]: import hello

In [5]: hello.print_hi()
hello

Look that the imports at lines 3 and 4 don't output "hello" as the import in line 1 did, that means the code isn't re-executed.