Force CMake in verbose mode via Gradle and the Android NDK

Question

I\'m using Gradle and CMake to compile an Android NDK project from the command line. Previously, I was using Ant and ndk-build but I\'m trying to migrate the pr

Answer 1

Disclaimer: the following description applies to the version of Android Gradle Plugin that was the latest at the time I updated this Answer (Jan '20). You may find it fun to look at the history of edits.

In Android Studio, gradle creates directory .cxx under the module root, for each module that has NDK integration, via CMake or ndk-build.

For CMake, the gradle plugin is quite verbose. For each build variant it creates separate subdirectory, e.g. .cxx/cmake/debug/x86 or .cxx/cmake/release/armeabi-v7a, etc.

Each directory contains some useful files: cmake_build_command.txt describes the actual parameters passed to CMake; android_gradle_build.json shows what parameters the gradle plugin derived for your binaries; from build.ninja you can deduce the how these parameters were applied for each compilation or linkage step.

For ndk-build, the android_gradle_build.json file is also quite useful. ndkBuild_build_command.txt lists all parameters passed to ndk-build command, and ndkBuild_build_output.txt is the unabridged output of that command. You can easily add V=1 to the arguments, e.g.

externalNativeBuild {
  ndkBuild {
    cppFlags "-std=c++11"
    arguments "APP_STL=c++_static", "APP_OPTIM=release", "NDK_DEBUG=0", "V=1"
    abiFilters "armeabi-v7a"
  }
}

For CMake, the relevant argument is "-DCMAKE_VERBOSE_MAKEFILE=ON" (see explanation and alternatives):

externalNativeBuild {
  cmake {
    cppFlags "-std=c++11"
    arguments "-DCMAKE_VERBOSE_MAKEFILE=ON"
    abiFilters "armeabi-v7a"
  }
}

Without CMAKE_VERBOSE_MAKEFILE, the Gradle Console displays:

:app:externalNativeBuildDebug
Build native-lib armeabi-v7a
[1/2] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/native-lib.dir/src/main/cpp/native-lib.cpp.o
[2/2] Linking CXX shared library ../../../../build/intermediates/cmake/debug/obj/armeabi-v7a/libnative-lib.so

With "-DCMAKE_VERBOSE_MAKEFILE:BOOL=ON", I used to get tons of output:

:app:externalNativeBuildDebug
Build native-lib armeabi-v7a

[1/2] /Users/alex/Library/Android/sdk/ndk-bundle/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/darwin-x86_64/bin/clang++  --target=armv5te-none-linux-androideabi --gcc-toolchain=/Users/alex/Library/Android/sdk/ndk-bundle/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/darwin-x86_64 --sysroot=/Users/alex/Library/Android/sdk/ndk-bundle/platforms/android-14/arch-arm  -Dnative_lib_EXPORTS -isystem /Users/alex/Library/Android/sdk/ndk-bundle/sources/cxx-stl/gnu-libstdc++/4.9/include -isystem /Users/alex/Library/Android/sdk/ndk-bundle/sources/cxx-stl/gnu-libstdc++/4.9/libs/armeabi-v7a/include -isystem /Users/alex/Library/Android/sdk/ndk-bundle/sources/cxx-stl/gnu-libstdc++/4.9/include/backward -g -DANDROID -ffunction-sections -funwind-tables -fstack-protector-strong -no-canonical-prefixes -march=armv5te -mtune=xscale -msoft-float -fno-integrated-as -mthumb -Wa,--noexecstack -Wformat -Werror=format-security  -g -DANDROID -ffunction-sections -funwind-tables -fstack-protector-strong -no-canonical-prefixes -march=armv5te -mtune=xscale -msoft-float -fno-integrated-as -mthumb -Wa,--noexecstack -Wformat -Werror=format-security   -O0 -fno-limit-debug-info -O0 -fno-limit-debug-info  -fPIC -MD -MT CMakeFiles/native-lib.dir/src/main/cpp/native-lib.cpp.o -MF CMakeFiles/native-lib.dir/src/main/cpp/native-lib.cpp.o.d -o CMakeFiles/native-lib.dir/src/main/cpp/native-lib.cpp.o -c /Users/alex/test/egl/app/src/main/cpp/native-lib.cpp
[2/2] : && /Users/alex/Library/Android/sdk/ndk-bundle/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/darwin-x86_64/bin/clang++  --target=armv5te-none-linux-androideabi --gcc-toolchain=/Users/alex/Library/Android/sdk/ndk-bundle/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/darwin-x86_64 --sysroot=/Users/alex/Library/Android/sdk/ndk-bundle/platforms/android-14/arch-arm -fPIC -g -DANDROID -ffunction-sections -funwind-tables -fstack-protector-strong -no-canonical-prefixes -march=armv5te -mtune=xscale -msoft-float -fno-integrated-as -mthumb -Wa,--noexecstack -Wformat -Werror=format-security  -g -DANDROID -ffunction-sections -funwind-tables -fstack-protector-strong -no-canonical-prefixes -march=armv5te -mtune=xscale -msoft-float -fno-integrated-as -mthumb -Wa,--noexecstack -Wformat -Werror=format-security   -O0 -fno-limit-debug-info -O0 -fno-limit-debug-info  -Wl,--build-id -Wl,--warn-shared-textrel -Wl,--fatal-warnings -Wl,--no-undefined -Wl,-z,noexecstack -Qunused-arguments -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now -Wl,--build-id -Wl,--warn-shared-textrel -Wl,--fatal-warnings -Wl,--no-undefined -Wl,-z,noexecstack -Qunused-arguments -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now -shared -Wl,-soname,libnative-lib.so -o ../../../../build/intermediates/cmake/debug/obj/armeabi-v7a/libnative-lib.so CMakeFiles/native-lib.dir/src/main/cpp/native-lib.cpp.o  -llog -lEGL -lGLESv2 -lm "/Users/alex/Library/Android/sdk/ndk-bundle/sources/cxx-stl/llvm-libc++/libs/armeabi-v7a/libc++_static.a" "-latomic" && :

Not anymore. As far as I know, this information is filtered by Gradle Plugin and is completely lost. I can recover it only manually: run the command

/Users/alex/Library/Android/sdk/cmake/3.10.2.4988404/bin/cmake --build app/.cxx/cmake/debug/armeabi-v7a

You can use the Terminal window (Alt-F12) of Android Studio. This will invoke ninja with -v flag when -DCMAKE_VERBOSE_MAKEFILE=ON was used to sync C++ with Gradle.

Note that the expected file .cxx/cmake/debug/armeabi-v7a/cmake_build_output.txt does not contain interesting information (unless you have problems with CMake configuration per se).

P.S. with this 3.6.0 Gradle Plugin, if you have a compilation error, then the whole command line for compiler is shown in Build Output window, no matter whether you set CMAKE_VERBOSE_MAKEFILE or not. Actually, twice: once, in black on white (I don't use the dark theme), second time, in brown on white, after

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

* What went wrong:

Answer 2

As an ugly workaround I've replaced ninja with my own executable that passes all the commands to the real ninja executable appending "-v"

Answer 3

Try to update your gradle version.