How to change the output color of echo in Linux

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刺人心
刺人心 2020-11-22 04:28

I am trying to print a text in the terminal using echo command.

I want to print the text in a red color. How can I do that?

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  • 2020-11-22 04:43

    If you are using zsh or bash

    black() {
        echo -e "\e[30m${1}\e[0m"
    }
    
    red() {
        echo -e "\e[31m${1}\e[0m"
    }
    
    green() {
        echo -e "\e[32m${1}\e[0m"
    }
    
    yellow() {
        echo -e "\e[33m${1}\e[0m"
    }
    
    blue() {
        echo -e "\e[34m${1}\e[0m"
    }
    
    magenta() {
        echo -e "\e[35m${1}\e[0m"
    }
    
    cyan() {
        echo -e "\e[36m${1}\e[0m"
    }
    
    gray() {
        echo -e "\e[90m${1}\e[0m"
    }
    
    black 'BLACK'
    red 'RED'
    green 'GREEN'
    yellow 'YELLOW'
    blue 'BLUE'
    magenta 'MAGENTA'
    cyan 'CYAN'
    gray 'GRAY'
    

    Try online

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  • 2020-11-22 04:45

    I've written swag to achieve just that.

    You can just do

    pip install swag
    

    Now you can install all the escape commands as txt files to a given destination via:

    swag install -d <colorsdir>
    

    Or even easier via:

    swag install
    

    Which will install the colors to ~/.colors.

    Either you use them like this:

    echo $(cat ~/.colors/blue.txt) This will be blue
    

    Or this way, which I find actually more interesting:

    swag print -c red -t underline "I will turn red and be underlined"
    

    Check it out on asciinema!

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  • 2020-11-22 04:46

    to show the message output with diffrent color you can make :

    echo -e "\033[31;1mYour Message\033[0m"
    

    -Black 0;30 Dark Gray 1;30

    -Red 0;31 Light Red 1;31

    -Green 0;32 Light Green 1;32

    -Brown/Orange 0;33 Yellow 1;33

    -Blue 0;34 Light Blue 1;34

    -Purple 0;35 Light Purple 1;35

    -Cyan 0;36 Light Cyan 1;36

    -Light Gray 0;37 White 1;37

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  • 2020-11-22 04:47
    echo -e "\033[31m Hello World"
    

    The [31m controls the text color:

    • 30-37 sets foreground color
    • 40-47 sets background color

    A more complete list of color codes can be found here.

    It is good practice to reset the text color back to \033[0m at the end of the string.

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  • 2020-11-22 04:47
    red='\e[0;31m'
    NC='\e[0m' # No Color
    echo -e "${red}Hello Stackoverflow${NC}"
    

    This answer correct, except that the call to colors should not be inside the quotes.

    echo -e ${red}"Hello Stackoverflow"${NC}
    

    Should do the trick.

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  • 2020-11-22 04:48

    You can use the awesome tput command (suggested in Ignacio's answer) to produce terminal control codes for all kinds of things.


    Usage

    Specific tput sub-commands are discussed later.

    Direct

    Call tput as part of a sequence of commands:

    tput setaf 1; echo "this is red text"
    

    Use ; instead of && so if tput errors the text still shows.

    Shell variables

    Another option is to use shell variables:

    red=`tput setaf 1`
    green=`tput setaf 2`
    reset=`tput sgr0`
    echo "${red}red text ${green}green text${reset}"
    

    tput produces character sequences that are interpreted by the terminal as having a special meaning. They will not be shown themselves. Note that they can still be saved into files or processed as input by programs other than the terminal.

    Command substitution

    It may be more convenient to insert tput's output directly into your echo strings using command substitution:

    echo "$(tput setaf 1)Red text $(tput setab 7)and white background$(tput sgr 0)"
    

    Example

    The above command produces this on Ubuntu:

    Screenshot of colour terminal text


    Foreground & background colour commands

    tput setab [1-7] # Set the background colour using ANSI escape
    tput setaf [1-7] # Set the foreground colour using ANSI escape
    

    Colours are as follows:

    Num  Colour    #define         R G B
    
    0    black     COLOR_BLACK     0,0,0
    1    red       COLOR_RED       1,0,0
    2    green     COLOR_GREEN     0,1,0
    3    yellow    COLOR_YELLOW    1,1,0
    4    blue      COLOR_BLUE      0,0,1
    5    magenta   COLOR_MAGENTA   1,0,1
    6    cyan      COLOR_CYAN      0,1,1
    7    white     COLOR_WHITE     1,1,1
    

    There are also non-ANSI versions of the colour setting functions (setb instead of setab, and setf instead of setaf) which use different numbers, not given here.

    Text mode commands

    tput bold    # Select bold mode
    tput dim     # Select dim (half-bright) mode
    tput smul    # Enable underline mode
    tput rmul    # Disable underline mode
    tput rev     # Turn on reverse video mode
    tput smso    # Enter standout (bold) mode
    tput rmso    # Exit standout mode
    

    Cursor movement commands

    tput cup Y X # Move cursor to screen postion X,Y (top left is 0,0)
    tput cuf N   # Move N characters forward (right)
    tput cub N   # Move N characters back (left)
    tput cuu N   # Move N lines up
    tput ll      # Move to last line, first column (if no cup)
    tput sc      # Save the cursor position
    tput rc      # Restore the cursor position
    tput lines   # Output the number of lines of the terminal
    tput cols    # Output the number of columns of the terminal
    

    Clear and insert commands

    tput ech N   # Erase N characters
    tput clear   # Clear screen and move the cursor to 0,0
    tput el 1    # Clear to beginning of line
    tput el      # Clear to end of line
    tput ed      # Clear to end of screen
    tput ich N   # Insert N characters (moves rest of line forward!)
    tput il N    # Insert N lines
    

    Other commands

    tput sgr0    # Reset text format to the terminal's default
    tput bel     # Play a bell
    

    With compiz wobbly windows, the bel command makes the terminal wobble for a second to draw the user's attention.


    Scripts

    tput accepts scripts containing one command per line, which are executed in order before tput exits.

    Avoid temporary files by echoing a multiline string and piping it:

    echo -e "setf 7\nsetb 1" | tput -S  # set fg white and bg red
    

    See also

    • See man 1 tput
    • See man 5 terminfo for the complete list of commands and more details on these options. (The corresponding tput command is listed in the Cap-name column of the huge table that starts at line 81.)
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