Spring not autowiring in unit tests with JUnit

Question

I test the following DAO with JUnit:

@Repository
public class MyDao {

    @Autowired
    private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

    // Other stuff here

}
         


        

Answer 1

I had same problem with Spring Boot 2.1.1 and JUnit 4
just added those annotations:

@RunWith( SpringRunner.class )
@SpringBootTest

and all went well.

For Junit 5:

@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)

source

Answer 2

You need to use the Spring JUnit runner in order to wire in Spring beans from your context. The code below assumes that you have a application context called testContest.xml available on the test classpath.

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import java.sql.SQLException;

import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.startsWith;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath*:**/testContext.xml"})
@Transactional
public class someDaoTest {

    @Autowired
    protected SessionFactory sessionFactory;

    @Test
    public void testDBSourceIsCorrect() throws SQLException {
        String databaseProductName = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession()
                .connection()
                .getMetaData()
                .getDatabaseProductName();
        assertThat("Test container is pointing at the wrong DB.", databaseProductName, startsWith("HSQL"));
    }
}

Note: This works with Spring 2.5.2 and Hibernate 3.6.5

Answer 3

Add something like this to your root unit test class:

@RunWith( SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class )
@ContextConfiguration

This will use the XML in your default path. If you need to specify a non-default path then you can supply a locations property to the ContextConfiguration annotation.

http://static.springsource.org/spring/docs/2.5.6/reference/testing.html

Answer 4

Missing Context file location in configuration can cause this, one approach to solve this:

• Specifying Context file location in ContextConfiguration

like:

@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:META-INF/your-spring-context.xml" })

More details

@RunWith( SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class )
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:META-INF/your-spring-context.xml" })
public class UserServiceTest extends AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests {}

Reference:Thanks to @Xstian

Answer 5

You need to add annotations to the Junit class, telling it to use the SpringJunitRunner. The ones you want are:

@ContextConfiguration("/test-context.xml")
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)

This tells Junit to use the test-context.xml file in same directory as your test. This file should be similar to the real context.xml you're using for spring, but pointing to test resources, naturally.